Academic Time Management Essay -- Informative Information

Academic Time Management With every new experience come challenges, and anxieties that can be overwhelming if they are not handled and dealt with in a reasonable way. Beginning college is certainly no exception. Stress takes many forms, most notably in the academic sense, as exams, papers, and various projects and assignments. Making the grade is an important aspect of many college students, and the best way of getting good grades without sacrificing all aspects of a social life is effective time management. Well developed time management skills not only help to organize all the different pieces of a students life it also reduces their levels of stress and anxiety, while allowing them to achieve decent grade point averages. Simply learning and implementing useful time management techniques can help anyone through the turbulent transition to college academic life. Stress College life is filled with academic stressors and anxieties that consume most students. Many of the reported causes and time periods during the school semester in which students experienced heighten angst were similar and consistent among their peers. However, freshman and sophomores students had higher reactions to stress than juniors and seniors (Misra, 2000, 1). This variation is caused by the underclassmen’s’ lack of strong social support networks, and their underdeveloped coping mechanisms needed to deal with college stress due to demanding school work and tasks. Academic stress not only stems from the physical workload of classes, exams, papers, projects, and assignments, but also from psychological factors. Most of the pressure and stress students face is self-imposed. â€Å"Students’ perception of the extensive knowledge base required and... ...a, 2000, 4). Time management has been a proven stress reducer, by helping break up and spread out workloads so that students can complete assignments with as little anxiety as possible. Using such organizational techniques also allocates ample amounts of study time for each class improving students’ GPA. Time management strategies provide an effective guide for working your way through any college experience and are invaluable to every type of university student. References: Lahmers, Amy. â€Å"Factors associated with academic time use and academic performance of college students: A recursive approach.† Journal of College Student Development Sept./Oct. 2000: 544-554. Misra, Ranjita. â€Å"College students’ academic stress and its relation to their anxiety, time management, and leisure satisfaction.† American Journal of Health Studies 2000: 41-51.

Discriminatory Practice in Health and Social Care Essay

Unfortunately bullying is becoming more and more common amongst children, workmates, elderly and people with disabilities. There are three different types of bullying these are verbal bullying, social bullying and physical bullying. Verbal bullying is when you write or say bad things on people for example teasing or threatening. Social bullying is when you hurt someone’s feelings for example embarrassing someone publicly and leaving someone behind but on purpose. The last one physical bullying is when you hurt someone’s body such as hitting and pushing. So basically bullying is when someone use force, threat and intimidation on someone to dominate that person. An example of bullying is a careworker is using verbal bullying on a disabled person she keeps saying that he has no good to society, he’s waste of space etc. Abuse: Many people abuse others to maintain and gain power on other people so they can control them, often these people find the vulnerable so they will be afraid of them and will not report or talk to someone else. Abuse varies a lot some example of these are sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglect, financial abuse, verbal, emotional etc. Sexual abuse is when someone takes action and forces someone to do something sexually although they still don’t want to. Physical abuse is when you use physical force with the aim to hurt someone. Neglect is when your basic needs are not being given such as food, medicines, clean clothes and many more. The last one is emotional abuse this is a non-physical behavior words only are being used such as insulting and treats. For example a careworker who is catholic there is an elderly who is muslim who unfortunately he cannot speak so she neglected him she doesn’t give him clean clothes, sometimes she even doesn’t give the patient to eat etc because she knows he cannot saying anything. Prejudice: Prejudice is unsupported which usually it is a negative attitude to other people this may include bad feeling, stereotyped beliefs and it can also lead to discrimination. Basically it is prejudgments which usually they are negative about members of a society. There are many types of prejudice some of them are racism, sexism, classicism, nationalism, homophobia, agism and religious. So in a few words prejudice is when you form an opinion on someone before becoming aware of the important fact of the person based on their race, sexism, age, disability, religion and many more. An example of prejudice there is a patient in this home which he is a disabled person, he’s family doesn’t come visiting him and he doesn’t have many clothes so the careworker doesn’t value him like the others because he’s less than them because he looks poor. P3: Describe at least FOUR potential effects of discriminatory practices mentioned in Task 1 on the service users residing in this care home. When someone is being discriminated this will probably lead to many problems such as the person can be marginalization, having low self-esteem, disempowerment, restricted opportunities and many more. Marginalization: Marginalization is a process of a person or sometimes even whole communities that can be denied access to various rights, resources and opportunities  that normally are given to other people. Someone who is being marginalized, is being excluded from participating and belonging. Social exclusion often is based on an individual education status, social class, living standards, race, homelessness and even child hood relationships. This discrimination can occur with anyone such as people with disability, drug users, young people, adults, elderly. For example in this home we have two particular individuals who uses a wheelchair, once in a month a bingo is organized unfortunately the door to this hall is to thin and a wheelchair cannot pass, so these people cannot go. The careworkers knows that they can organized it in other rooms where a wheelchair can pass but they won’t because there is more light in this room. Disempowerment: Disempowerment is when a person or even sometimes a whole group is being discriminated against by other persons so this will lead for a person to feel disempowered. Some people that will be discriminated will have the courage to fight back and many times they will success at the other hand there will be individuals who will not fight against discrimination. So in a few words disempowerment is to make someone feel lower than you, everyone can be disempowered from young children to elderly so you need to fight it. As a result of disempowerment negatives emotions might occur such as becoming more depressed, self-obsessed, withdrawn, excluded, helpless, outsider, low self-worth and many more. An example of disempowerment is when an elderly is being told that she is not useful to society anymore by her carer this is making the patient feel useless, excluded and many more so the patient is being disempowerment. Low self-esteem: Low self-esteem is someone’s overall emotional and how they value themselves, it is an evaluation for her or his own worth. Self-esteem is a judgement on yourself in this case low self-esteem is when someone feels that s/he is not worth nothing they feel useless to society. Unfortunately a person could never had low self-esteem but s/he is being bullied from someone else’s and s/he starts feeling useless if it is not treated immediately this can lead to low self-esteem. Low self-esteem can leads to problem in relationships, bad choices on work and in life, low self-esteem doesn’t let you to choose the right decisions you need to make. For example in this house there is a  particular elderly who before he entered this house he didn’t have low self-esteem now he is being bullied by his carer he slaps him if he doesn’t want to eat any more resulting to this he now have low self-esteem that he doesn’t want to talk to anyone about it. Negative behavior: Negative behavior can happen to anyone it can be naturally the way how you respond to things is negative but others can occur negative behavior on previous experiences such as bullying. Many times when a person is being discriminated s/he becomes frustrated because of the unfair treatment that is been given to the individual. In health and social care we have to recognize a person and even respect everyone choices and identities. For a person who is being discriminated, to reduce the feeling of powerlessness many times this grief is expressed in aggression or sometimes even criminality. An example in our home a particular patient a disabled person as he arrived he was calm and happy unfortunately now he is so angry he keeps pushing things, yelling and saying bad things to people. After some time we saw from where this was coming a particular care worker used to bully him saying bad things about him, stealing his things and slapping him. M1: Assess the effects on those using the service of three different discriminatory practices in health and social care. First case is about prejudice about two older gay people, although last July the law became same sex can marry there are still people who cannot understand this. In this case these two gay people had gone through so much some of them were they faced themselves with carers praying for them because they were gay even some careres didn’t want to wash them or feed or care them because of their sexuality. At the end these two people felt disgraceful they didn’t know what else they’ve should done so someone will understand them so at the end they went to a new home separately so they won’t be more prejudiced. In this case the victim who are being discriminated are two old gay men, they were discriminated by their carers. The main base that they were being discriminated was because of their sexuality. Prejudice is when someone form an opinion about someone but before even knowing the relevant facts of the patient many times these are judged on age, disability, sexuality, race, language and more. The effect of this discrimination made the two people who  were being prejudiced awful they felt that they were doing something wrong they didn’t know what else they can do, so these old gay man decided they cannot be more prejudiced for both their safety and health they decided to separate ways and try living a normal life as society want them to be. The second case is about neglect a hospital who received suspended sentence when receiving suspended sentence for neglecting and abusing of patients. These patients most of them pensioners were left starving or in agony because nurses claim they are too busy to help. Some of examples of neglect to the patients were nurses taking minutes to respond the emergency buzzer, patients who were told by the nurse to soil his clothes because s /he was too busy to take the patient. A patient left without pillows or blankets, a patient that dropped hot soup on herself and left there without any help and many more. At the end the hospital had to pay a big fine and these nurses and carers were fired. In this case the victim are the patients in the hospital, they were neglected and abused by some of the nurses and carers. They were mostly discriminated on their age and race, neglect is a form of abuse where there is someone supposed to be responsible for the individual because s/he cannot take care of himself but this is not performed. For example the patient as indicated in the case no clean clothes were given, left starving etc so basically neglect is when a person’s basic needs are not given. The discriminatory practice that was on these patients was neglect and abuse the effect that was left on the patients they were scared to talk, they weren’t happy at the end although these staff were fired still the patients couldn’t feel safe in that hospital anymore. The last case who is still going on is about bullying, this case happened in Saint Catherine hospital a hospital which treat vulnerable adults with disabilities such as autism, dementia, learning difficu lties and many more. These adults were bullied by three health workers they punched, slapped, threatened and even sometimes they used to drag the patient by their hair and thrown into a ball pool. Most of the patients cannot speak and other staff members were too scared to report this abuse. They used to lock someone in a cupboard and stopped the patient from getting out by putting another patient with a wheelchair against the cupboard also they used to throw pillows to a patient that had learning difficulties. After a staff member had the courage to report, the case is now being processed. In this case the victims are  disabled patients with most of them with learning difficulties in a hospital where they were supposed to be given treatment. They were bullied by three staff these were care assistants Ms.S.Murphy, Ms.J.Burge and a physiotherapist Mr.M.Barnard. They were mostly discriminated about their disability and they knew that they couldn’t talk. The type of discriminatory in this case is bullying is when someone threat, use force or abuse others to feel more dominate. The effects of bullying on these patients made them feel more and more powerless and that they cannot let anyone near them because they are going to hurt them. I would like to see justice with these people and get what they deserve. References: Answers.com, (2015). What is disempowerment in health and social care. [online] Available at: http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_disempowerment_in_health_and_social_care [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Ask.com, (2015). What does overt discrimination mean? | Ask.com. [online] Available at: http://www.ask.com/world-view/overt-discrimination-mean-75fe5216daacda68 [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. BusinessDictionary.com, (2015). What is marginalization? definition and meaning. [online] Available at: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/marginalization.html [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Changesuk.net, (2015). How it feels to be disempowered – Changes | Changes. [online] Available at: http://changesuk.net/2013/05/29/how-it-feels-to-be-disempowered/ [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Cherry, K. (2015). What Is the Psychology Behind People’s Prejudices?. [online] About.com Education. Available at: http://psychology.about.com/od/pindex/g/prejudice.htm [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Encyclopedia.com, (2015). M arginalization Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Marginalization. [online] Available at: http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Marginalization.aspx [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. health, O. (2007). Overt and subtle racial discrimination and mental health. [online] News-Medical.net. Available at: http://www.news-medical.net/news/2007/06/01/25896.aspx [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Helpguide.org, (2015). Child Abuse & Neglect: Recognizing, Preventing, & Reporting Child Abuse. [online] Available at: http://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/child-abuse-and-neglect.htm [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. http://www.apa.org, (2015). Bullying. [online] Available at: http://www.apa.org/topics/bullying/ [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Journals.rcni.com, (2015). [online] Available at: http://journals.rcni.com/doi/pdfplus/10.7748/nop2001.07.13.5.18.c2183 [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Leadership Freak, (2013). Overcoming the Disempowerment of HR. [online] Available at: https://leadershipfreak.wordpress.com/2013/06/25/overcoming-the-disempowerment-of-hr/ [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Slideshare.net, (2008). EMPOWERMENT POWERPOINT. [online] Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/readysetpresent/empowerment-powerpoint-content-presentation?next_slideshow=1 [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Stopbullying.gov, (2015). Bullying Definiti on | StopBullying.gov. [online] Available at: http://www.stopbullying.gov/what-is-bullying/definition/index.html [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Taormina-Weiss, W. and Disabilities, T. (2015). The Costs of Marginalizing People with Disabilities. [online] Disabled World. Available at: http://www.disabled-world.com/editorials/marginalizing.php [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. the Guardian, (2013). Winterbourne View: have lessons been learned?. [online] Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/social-care-network/2013/oct/10/winterbourne-view-bbc-panorama [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Wikipedia, (2015). Bullying. [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullying [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Wikipedia, (2015). Prejudice. [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prejudice [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Wikipedia, (2015). Self-esteem. [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-esteem [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Wordnik.com, (2015). Wordnik. [online] Available at: https://www.wordnik.co m/words/disempowerment [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. www.loveisrespect.org, (2015). What is Sexual Abuse?. [online] Available at: http://www.loveisrespect.org/is-this-abuse/types-of-abuse/what-is-sexual-abuse [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Marsden, S. (2013). NHS staff ‘threw cushions at disabled patient as target practice’. [online] Telegraph.co.uk. Available

The History of the Singer Sewing Machine

The Singer Sewing Machine| Historical Project Research| | Sarah Clark| 9/12/2010| Engineering 1000 Instructor: Dr. Tzu-Yu Wang | The sewing machine is basically a textile machine. It is used for stitching together things such as fabric, paper, card, or other material with some type of thread. The sewing machine needed to be something that was functional and compact. It would need to be something that was simple to use and be able to sew faster and more efficiently then hand sewing was. Up until the time that the sewing machine was invented, women would spend great amounts of time sewing.Women would have to hand sew everything, clothing for themselves and their families as well as household items. Women also formed the majority of the labor force that sewed clothes in factories and wove fabrics in mils. The invention of the sewing machine essentially liberated these women from spending many hours a day sewing. The first patent related to the sewing machine was for the double pointed n eedle. In 1775 Charles F. Weisenthal, a German mechanic, was granted the patent for this needle.The patent itself described a needed for use in a machine, but did not elaborate on what the machine looked like or if one even existed. The patent itself was never put to use during Weisenthal’s lifetime. There were several attempts at creating a sewing machine. In 1790, the first workable sewing machine was invented and patented by a British inventor named Thomas Saint. This machine never made it past the patent model stage. In 1830, Barthelemy Thimonnier, a French tailor, got a patent for the first practical, sewing machine.By 1841, almost 100 of his machines were being used, in a factory, to sew uniforms for the French army. Walter Hunt, the inventor of the safety pin, had an idea for a double-thread sewing machine. Sometime in 1834, he devised a machine that used an eye-pointed needle in conjunction with a shuttle carrying a second needle. He gave up on the project thinking th at it would put poor seamstresses out of much needed work. He never bothered to get a patent. In 1846, Elias Howe, from Massachusetts, patented a sewing machine that had a grooved, eye-pointed needle and shuttle.When he was unsuccessful selling this machine in the America he went to England and adapted it to work for a corset maker. When he finally returned to America, he found that other manufacturers were selling several sewing machines, and that they were infringing on some part of his patent. Isaac Singer never claimed to have invented the sewing machine. Instead he improved on what was already out there. It took him 11 days and forty dollars to create the improved sewing machine. He made many changes, part of which was based on Howe’s work.He created the first machine where the needle went up and down, instead of side-to-side like the previous versions. He also changed the hand crank that was used to a foot treadle. Like Howe’s work, the Singer machine used the sa me lockstitch. That stitch was part of Howe’s patent. As a result, Howe sued Singer for patent infringement. During the suit, the I. M. Singer Corporation researched the Hunt machine and had an inventor rebuild one. They attempted to use this rebuilt machine to break the Howe patent. The plan did not work. Howe ended up winning the lawsuit and received royalties on his patent.Singer and other companies ended up paying Howe. By the time Howe died in 1867, he was collecting more than four thousand dollars a week and had already procured about two million in royalties. According to the official Singer Sewing machine website, within two years of Isaac Singer forming the I. M. Singer Corporation, they became the leading manufacturer and marketer of sewing machines in America. By 1855, Singer became the world’s first international company. They had offices and manufacturing plants in New York and Paris. They also originated the idea behind installment payments.In 1863, they held 22 patents and had assets of $550,000. They were selling roughly 20,000 sewing machines a year. Needless to say Singer Manufacturing Company, which it was now known, continued to grow; opening offices and factories in numerous places around the world including Germany, Brazil, Scotland, Indiana, New Jersey, England and Britain. The sewing machine was never a government or major company project. It was all done by individuals. Therefore, the funding for the sewing machine came from the people who were trying to create a working one or an improved model.It was up to the individual to market and sell his or her own product. In the latter half of the 19th century there were well over 200 sewing machine companies, each with several models of sewing machines. Most of these companies made sewing machines for the home, but a few made machines specifically for commercial use. There were also companies that made both. There were many considerations when designing the sewing machine. The sewing machines designed for commercial use had to be designed to be rugged, mostly made from things like cast iron.They were designed to be used constantly. The machines designed for home use were lighter, but still as capable as the more rugged machines. There was a large market for these lighter machines. The different machines usually were accompanied by tabletops, made from solid wood. They also had decorative cast iron legs. Depending on if the sewing machine was going to be used for commercial or home use determined how the sewing machine was going to look and whether it was designed to be in constant use or not.Aside from determining if the sewing machine would be used for commercial or home use, the sewing machine engineer had to consider many factors. Some of those factors include needle type, thread type, what type of stitch it produces, some sort of device to form the specific stitch, and it had to have some type of support for the cloth. There also had to be a mechanism to allow one stitch to follow the previous one, a tension control and something to make sure the sewing machine did what it needed to in the correct sequence without error.Although engineering disciplines were not as defined as they are today. Several disciplines were involved in the creation of the sewing machine. Mechanical engineering was involved in the creation of the mechanical parts used to make the sewing machine do its job. Some sewing machines used a type of pulley system to function; textile engineers designed the rope used in this pulley system. Metallurgical engineers were involved in the process of developing the cast iron used for the sewing machine itself as well as the decorative legs on home sewing machines.In addition, once electricity was introduced, electrical engineers were used to create the wiring system. The sewing machine greatly changed the way our society functions. Without the sewing machine, the world would be a very different place. Like the car, the cotton gin and countless other innovations from the past 300 years, the sewing machine takes something time-consuming and laborious and makes it fast and easy. With the invention of the mechanized sewing machine, manufacturers could suddenly produce piles of high-quality clothing at minimal expense.Because of this, the vast majority of people in the world can now afford the sort of sturdy, finely stitched clothes that were a luxury only 200 years ago. Industrial sewing machines have made many products affordable and readily available. Home sewing machines have introduced the joys of sewing and embroidery as a craft. With the advance of the way sewing machines interact with technology, there is no telling where the future of the sewing machine will lead us.Works CitedAlef, Daniel. Isaac Merritt Singer: Sewing Machines and Sewing Seeds. Santa Barbara: Meta4, 2007. E-Book. Cooper, Grace Rogers.The Invention of the Sewing Machine. Washington, D. C. : Smithsonian Institution, 1968. E-Boo k. Cooper, Grace Rogers. The Sewing Machine: Its Invention and Early Development. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1976. Print.†SINGER ® SEWING CO. | Company Information. † SINGER ® SEWING CO. | Home. Web. 14 Sept. 2010. http://www. singerco. com/company/.†Sewing Machines. † Machine-History. Com. Web. 14 Sept. 2010.http://www. machine-history. com/THE SEWING MACHINE>.

Planning of support for individuals Essay

Assess potential issues which could arise from the involvement of several professionals in the planning of support for individuals Care plans are set out and designed to understand a service user’s needs, preference and choices. You must always discuss how they important for empowering them. If you constantly give a service user no choice in what they would like they will stop trying and become independent they will no longer feel they have any worth or value in the care home, and their self-awareness and self-esteem will decrease meaning their self-concept is at a low. They could feel marginalised and pushed out of option. When caring for someone you must make them feel empowered and capable of still doing things on their own otherwise they will give up. There is core principles and values that are also set out to advices cares on how a person should be treated, for example being treated as an individual, this means every person has the right be treat the way they would like to and the norm of how a person should be cared for, example with respect and their dignity maintained. Taking away a patient preference and choice does not treat them as an individual. This limits them from opportunities and chances, which is not what a health and social care professional should or would do. They would try to encourage a person, make sure they do not feel independent or even alone, allow them to make their own decisions on certain things they are entitled too. Ethnic issues could be of a certain religion or someone with ethnical background of rules that means they can’t eat meat, or no blood transfusions etc. Staff members must understand what other possible approaches such as meals or other treatment can be put in place, so the staff should speak to the patient about options. All staff and patients should respect their diverse way of living, in a care plan you would have to include that this person had these circumstances so that anyone who will care for them knows about it, and could make sure the person was treat correctly throughout his life in care. Making sure different religious rules and attitudes are followed extremely carefully so they are not disturbed or feel unwelcome in their own care home. Staff who will care for the patient should always be understood and the care plan always should state his religion and issues which may always occur. For example Pauline is 35 and is in need of dialysis. She is refusing treatment because she is scared of the treatment which she believes is invasive. She has been counselled about the nature of the treatment –Â  there are no alternatives that would be of practical benefit. She is competent to make treatment decisions. She understands that if she refuses she will die. She has a daughter of 15 years who lives at home. The clinician feels very strongly that she should receive treatment but despite numerous attempts to persuade her she refuses. Many issues can arise from that case study. Another issue occurring would be if for example a woman’s religion meant she could not be seen by a male doctor then her lifestyle choice should and would have to be respected and a female member of staff would have to treat her, in replace of the male. This is her individual preference and choice being respected and taken into consideration.

Managerial Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Managerial Accounting - Essay Example This money would be classified as cash until the salaries are actually paid. At that point, salaries would come upon a specific salary section on the balance sheet or may even be considered a business expense and taken of the balance sheet altogether. 2) a) The predetermined overhead rate for the year is $5 per direct labor hour. (Manufacturing Overhead/ Direct Labor-hours) ($80,000/ 16,000) = $5 per direct labor hour. b) The amount of overhead charged to jobs during the year is $75,000. (Actual direct labor-hours * Predetermined overhead rate) (15,000 * $5) = $75,000 c) The amount of underapplied or overapplied overhead for the year is $3,000 underapplied. (Actual overhead costs – Applied overhead costs) ($78,000 - $75,000) = $3,000 d) The unit cost that would appear on the job cost sheet for Job #315 is $59. (Direct Materials + Direct Labor + Overhead applied)/ 100. ($1,500 + $2,400 + $2,000) = $5,900. $5,900/ 100 = $59. 3) $20,000 + $201,000 = $221,000. $221,000 - $35,000 = $186,000 4) a) TVC = $118,008/ 2,400 = $49.17. $49.17 * 2,500 = $122,925 b) TFC = $9,000/ 2,400 = $3.75. $3.75 * 2,500 = $9,375 c) TC = $122,925 + $9,375 = $132,300 d) AVC = $122,925/ 2,500 = $49.17 e) AFC = $9,375/ 2,500 = $3.75 f) ATC = $49.17 + $3.75 = $52.92 5) Sales = Variable expenses + Fixed expenses + Desired Profit $170Q = $39.10 + $641,410 + $65,450 $130.90 = $706,860 Q = $706,860/ $130.90 per unit Q = 5,400 units 6) The absorption costing net operating income for last year was $66,600. Inventory increased by 900 units. Fixed manufacturing overhead cost per unit was $3. 900 units * $3 = $2,700. Absorption cost equals variable costing net operating income times the total inventory cost. $63,000 + $2,700 = $66,600. 7) Activity-based costing is used to identify activities in an organization and assigns costs to an activity based on the actual consumption of an activity. The benefit to this type of costing model is that each activity is separate from the other and it is easie r to see which areas are performing well and which areas are performing not so well. The five levels of an activity-based cost system typically are unit-level activities, batch-level activities, product-level activities, organization-sustaining activities, and customer-level activities. The first three levels of activities are all different stages of production. Each stage of production is broken down so that it can be seen what can be cut back on. The fourth and fifth activities have more to do with management of the organization. Organization-sustaining activities are those that affect the employees of an organization, while customer-level activities deal with how customers perceive an organization to

Solving the world food problems is the most is important step now for Essay

Solving the world food problems is the most is important step now for human kind - Essay Example However, food problems seem to be the result of combining all these problems. Therefore, commentators may conclude that solving the current world food problems is the most important step for humans. This paper seeks to address the food problems issue in this context, analyzing the reasons for the current food shortages and its potential solution. In addition, the paper addresses the genetically modified food and bio-fuel production, as well as global warming and its impacts on the world food supply. The most obvious reason for the food problems is overpopulation. According to statistics, the world population was 2.5 billion in 1950, and experts estimate the figure to reach 9.2 billion in 2050. However, this significant increase is not accompanied by increased food production. For instance, the meat consumption in 1980 in China was 20kg per capita, but 50kg per capita three decades later (Kates, 2001:18). The increase in the demand for food has rose by 200%, and will increase by 50% by 2030. As food becomes scarcer, food products could increase in price. This creates a vicious cycle of food shortages and poverty in economically developing and disadvantaged countries. For example, the food prices in Haiti have rose by 50 to 100% in a few decades. Additionally, the prices of food continue to rise. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization price index shows that the there has been a steady increase in food prices, from 12% in 2005 to 24% in 2007 to 50% in 20 08. Data from the World Bank shows the same trend (Messer, Cohen, and D’Costa, 2001:12). However, overpopulation is not the only cause of the significant increase in food prices. The global economy has experienced several serious financial crises in the past decade. Consider the Great recession of 2009 and the recent Euro debt crisis. Bad soil moisture and associated soil drainage results to the high food prices. Poor soil moisture causes poor drainage, which also depends on the grade

Personal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Personal - Essay Example When I reflect at the most touching sights I have had in my life, one that particularly comes to my mind is the first time I saw a cow feeding the calf her milk. In my childhood, I was very fond of pets. Whenever I happened to make it to my town, I spent hours playing with the hens and the ducks. My uncle had kept that cow and the calf in the town. I noticed that the cow fed upon the grass while the calf did not. When I asked my uncle the reason, he said it was so because the cow had teeth while the calf did not. He drew the calf’s mouth open to show me that the calf instead had a gum-plate without teeth in the mouth’s top where the cow had teeth. Then I saw the cow feeding the calf. Although I was quite touched then, but was too little and probably, uneducated also to realize what had made the cow feed the calf. The cow’s responsibility towards the calf was an outcome of the relation between the two. I had several questions in my mind; Who taught the cow to feed the calf and the calf to suck the milk from the cow’s breast? Who was careful enough to put the milk in the cow’s breast for the calf since it didn’t have teeth of its own to chew the grass? Following the cosmological arguments that every phenomenon has a cause for its occurrence, I realized that there is somebody who put milk in the cow’s breast so that the calf would not stay unfed. There is somebody who made the cow responsible enough to share her body with the calf. There is somebody who put love between the two. And there is somebody who nurtured the cow to the level that she had fully developed teeth while the calf had not. And that somebody is God. Concluding, my critical analysis of the relation between the cow and the calf and all aspects of it was fundamentally an outcome of the cosmological arguments that made part of my studies in the high school. I found answers to my questions using my critical analysis and