White Privilege in Politics Essay Example for Free

White Privilege in Politics Essay What is White Privilege one may inquire? White Privilege is the ideological suspicion and conviction situated in political works on setting white individuals and networks in position of benefit monetarily, strategically, socially and instructively. In the book Race, Class, and Gender in the United States, composed by Paula S. Rothenberg, it centers around the time that white benefit came about strategically. Donald G. Dough puncher, in his book Politics of Race, discusses the limitations against the Blacks. Keeping an eye on Marable, in his book Beyond Black White, he centers around chose Black authorities throughout the years. With the assistance from these three books the peruser will have the option to see the immense measure of white benefit in policy driven issues throughout the years to the present, where there are as yet an inadequate measure of African-Americans in governmental issues. Rothenberg presents white benefit when it is first of a political design. It was first utilized in a political manner when White hirelings were given their opportunity toward the finish of their arrangement, yet the Black workers were most certainly not. Whites yet not Africans must be given their opportunity contribution toward the finish of their agreement (p. 33). Whites were given more rights at that point Blacks. They reserved the option to carry weapons and the privilege of self-preservation. White hirelings could claim animals, while the Black workers proved unable. The White workers were additionally given the simpler activities. Blacks were not permitted to have their own family, while Whites reserved the privilege to control their spouses. White men were given the option to control their ladies without first class obstruction; Blacks as slaves were denied the option to family at all since family would imply that slave spouses, not proprietors, controlled wives (p. 33). The entirety of the African ladies were viewed as workers, while the White ladies were simply viewed as the attendant of mens homes. It was unlawful to whip exposed White men, however an individual may cause as much agony as they need onto a Black man. In this way, an individual can perceive how white benefit in legislative issues was first utilized, and that Blacks had fundamentally no rights. Pastry specialist centers around when the dark slaves were given their opportunity. They were free, yet there were laws and limitations essentially expressing that they werent a resident. As the quantity of free blacks developed, there were more limitations set for them. Numerous urban communities didnt need to have anything to do with the free blacks and some restricted blacks from entering their urban communities: Many provinces during the eighteenth century found a way to forestall the manumission of slaves, to drive out any free blacks who may be in living arrangement, and to banish some other free blacks from entering (p. 54). Dough puncher expresses that a few blacks were dynamic in legislative issues, however none could cast a ballot: Blacks were politically dynamic, yet limitations were normally positioned on their democratic benefits (p. 54). Likewise blacks werent ready to affirm against whites: Blacks, including free blacks, were commonly banned from affirming against whites (p.54). In this way, blacks werent given any rights in those days and werent seen as equivalents. Marable first brings up that thirty years prior there were scarcely one hundred dark authorities and just five African-Americans served in Congress. Additionally he expresses that the quantity of dark city hall leaders of U. S. towns and urban communities was zero. the quantity of chose dark authorities across the country was scarcely one hundred; the quantity of African-Americans in Congress was five; and the quantity of blacks filling in as chairmen of US urban areas and towns of all sizes was zero (p.205). Marable at that point says that today there is more than forty African-Americans serving in the U. S. Congress and over another 8,000 have government positions. Today, forty African-Americans sit in the US Congress; in excess of forty African-Americans are civic chairmen; and more than 8,000 blacks have been chosen for government positions (p. 205). In spite of the fact that there has been a significant increment of dark portrayal, African-American authorities, chose and named, just make up 2 percent all through the country. Indeed, even in zones with a high populace of African-Americans, there are not many or no chosen dark authorities. In many areas with considerable dark electorates, there are not many or no African-American chosen authorities (p. 205). Blacks are underrepresented inside the discretionary structure of intensity and dynamic in the U. S. Marable at that point expresses that a considerable lot of the African-American chosen authorities have what he calls duty without power. His model is that huge numbers of the dark city hall leaders have little control or authority over neighborhood legislative administrations. This can prompt a decrease in voter enrollment and political support rates. Along these lines, throughout the years the quantities of dark authorities has risen, yet at the same time isnt excessively high. Taking everything into account, white benefit in governmental issues has progressed significantly, through long stretches of bondage and the African-Americans attempting to pick up their opportunity to become rises to with the Whites. There is as yet white benefit in legislative issues right up 'til today and the Blacks are gradually making there approach to getting progressively associated with the U. S. Congress and the administration. Individuals need to comprehend this is an extremely differing nation of numerous ethnic foundations and societies, and that one day white benefit in governmental issues will be annulled and an African-American will be President. Works Cited Baker, Donald G. Legislative issues of Race. Lexington, Mass. : Lexington Books. 1975. Marable, Manning. Past Black and White. New York, NY: Verso. 1995. Rothenberg, Paula S. Race, Class, and Gender in the United States. sixth release. New York, NY: Worth Publishers, 2001.

Students of Science Disciplines are More Meritorious than Others Free Essays

Understudies of science disciplines are more exemplary than others Science is where ability, handwork and information on significant level is required. Each cutting edge innovation, every single new development are essentially because of science. So science is an extremely long early lunch of studies. We will compose a custom paper test on Understudies of Science Disciplines are More Meritorious than Others or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Science requires loads of endeavors and difficult work. Science understudies need to give not just endeavors and difficult work, science understudy must be gifted with an enormous save of information. While others subjects other than science for the most part don't necessitate that much exemplary understudy. So typically worthy understudies pick science and science understudies are increasingly praiseworthy it tends to be said in a look. I totally concur with the way that science understudies are increasingly a commendable The principal reason is that typically for the most part wherever in every single instructive foundation so as to get science high rate is required in their outcomes. To get science understudies must be particularly talented in arithmetic, science, science and other science subjects. These subjects for the most part don't work by remembering. Thinking aptitudes and information are exceptionally required. An understudy who doesn’t have the capacity of utilizing and using their insight will always be unable to do well in science subjects. Science remembers confused subjects for which just worthy understudies accomplish great outcomes in it. Subjects other than science, that is expressions, trade, financial matters, law, writing, history, topography and so forth are subjects where legitimacy like science isn't required. In these subjects if an understudy can consider day and night, try sincerely and retain the exercises, they can undoubtedly well in their outcomes. Difficult work is required by value of significant level isn't obligatory to progress admirably. Science understudies need to do bunches of pragmatic, lab works, and numerous other science related undertakings. These undertakings caused them to create information no how things really functions in reality. Because of science our environmental factors are loaded with current and refined materials and gear. Enthusiasm of getting somewhere inside how present day world is running because of innovation makes an understudy enthusiastic about science and they attempt to set themselves up from the earliest starting point of their life. Regardless of whether an understudy isn't a lot of skilled and worthy they likewise attempt to create them by considering and rehearsing increasingly more to build up their insight and become equipped for taking science. Not for each situation every single exemplary understudy take science. There are numerous praiseworthy understudies who study subjects other than science as well. The explanation for this can be because of their energy towards different subjects or they don’t discover science intriguing. Another explanation may likewise be pertinent that since science is a troublesome subject understudies right off the bat imagine that they may not ready to give that much exertion as required in science and they take pick other subject. Anyway they neglect to perceive their legitimacy and use it other route in different subjects instead of science, unconscious that they are holding their legitimacy and not utilizing it though in the event that they utilized that legitimacy examining science they could have developed a superior future or profession for them. They may don’t know yet their legitimacy may prompt some new advancements, etc in the event that they have taken science. All things considered, with every one of my reasons expressed above I firmly accept that science understudies are more exemplary than other. Just praiseworthy understudies get the capacity to take science because of their remarkable commendable quality and they have consistently demonstrated it. Without them we may not be capable get a cutting edge complex present world and life. We ought to be grateful to them and every single exemplary understudy ought not squander their legitimacy in places other than science. Commitments of their legitimacy can profit them and may likewise profit the entire world. Step by step instructions to refer to Students of Science Disciplines are More Meritorious than Others, Essays

10 Brilliant Tips for Dealing with a Difficult Boss

10 Brilliant Tips for Dealing with a Difficult Boss Congratulations! It’s your first day at work and you are thrilled to have been chosen among several other candidates for this prestigious job. Things get even better when your colleagues are more than happy to show you around the office block. You finally approach the boss’s chambers, and this is it! Your moment of reckoning!But ALAS….As you step out of the office your entire world seems to collapse, you realize your boss has just shattered your dreams by criticizing you and walking over your ambitions. This is a classic case of dealing with a boss who is mean and quite judgmental.  Now, the office begins to resemble a dreary old prison cell while your boss is the prison warden.You now question yourself â€" Do I have to endure this for eternity?Fortunately, the answer’s No!   Dealing with a relentless boss can be made effortless by following a set of guidelines. The first move is to deduce the type of boss you will be working for, the section below goes in-detail on the kind of bosses you are likely to confront. THE VARIOUS TYPES OF BOSSES YOU ARE BOUND TO ENCOUNTERBefore you find ways to tackle your boss, it’s important to decipher his personality and measure his temperament. This allows you to pinpoint the specific nature of your boss to better equip yourself and fend off any ugly attempts at taking you down.The Narcissistic KindThere’s nothing worse than having a self-centered, self-admiring, and self-obsessed boss constantly tell you that you are in the wrong. The narcissistic boss is the first to grab the spotlight for the achievements of his team and the last to take blame in a situation that calls for it.Emotionally, the narcissistic boss will always feed off energy from his co-workers and will ensure you never win an argument as they prefer to keep things under their control. To achieve success in dealing with a narcissistic boss, it’s important to understand the term â€" narcissist.Narcissists like to get under the skin of people by thriving on their bloated egos. They don’t miss an opportunity to embarrass and shame you to showcase their superior hold over you. In these conditions, it’s important to never provoke their narcissistic nature and get your tongue bitten in the process.Don’t try and enable a narcissistic boss by trying to point out the truth, you will only encourage them to belittle you. Instead, focus on the crucial perspective of working in a big company to learn the ropes while you earn the trust of your peers. Sooner or later, your boss will come around to understanding your role and just how important you are to the team.Here is a short video that demonstrates ways to deal with a narcissistic boss. The Busy BeeYou’ve just finished a big report and are looking forward to showing it to your boss â€" except your boss never seems to be around or in his chamber. A boss that empowers you but is nowhere in sight when an urgent proposal requires his attention can get quite messy for the overall development of the company.Apart from not b eing present, the boss spends his time doing non-constructive activities while adding his assigned work to your work pile. Overtime, it can get impossible to keep a track on his whereabouts and you are left feeling exhausted and frustrated due to the lack of support and feedback.Dealing with this type of boss can be quite difficult as you are in no position to dictate their work agenda for them. However, if you were to pitch up an idea where it showcases the shortcomings of the company and why there is a lack of growth, it should get their attention enough to come up with a plan.The absent boss should be notified that his presence is required in the company and that his insight is extremely valuable. It’s also a good idea to remind them that your current job is being affected due to the additional workload.The Nosy Micromanager TypeImagine having someone constantly breathing down heavily behind your neck while you try to get the work done â€"it’s not a pleasant situation to be i n. The Micromanager boss will always try to throw in his input while obstructing your workspace. Overtime, this behavior can dampen your creativity and will certainly restrict you from developing your skillset any further.Micromanager bosses tend to latch on to minor details and make a big fuss over it instead of concentrating on the bigger picture. It’s frustrating as an employee to lose their freedom of expression and give in to the demands of a stubborn and unyielding boss.In these situations, it’s important to combat their overbearing nature by being proactive and checking in on the matter before you are approached. Since micromanager bosses are usually the hardest of the lot to please, you need to go the extra mile by being patient and taking the time to show them the full picture.If all else fails, you could try being upfront about your situation to your boss and explain why he needs to trust you and leave you in charge. Request him politely to offer his feedback until aft er the project is complete and not before.The Chaotic SoulThe fuming raging beast that awaits you at the gates of hell â€" that’s the feeling you get when approaching the “Chaotic” boss. While everyone often experiences a bad mood, the chaotic boss seems to be permanently affixed to this state of emotion.The volatile nature of an angry boss can ensure the office environment is always tense and it’s impossible to get work done efficiently without constantly feeling nervous. Although apologizing often, even if it wasn’t your mistake, can seem like the solution, overtime, this leads to more outbursts due to your compliant nature.To tackle this issue, you need to get to the root of the problem and understand why your boss is constantly in a foul mood. If he expects a specific standard of quality in his employees such as punctuality, on-time reports, and managing deadlines promptly, then this is where your area of focus needs to be. Improving on these areas can send a signal to him that you are trying your best, and this can open a warmer relationship between the two of you.For more in-depth strategies to help you combat a difficult boss, the following section deals with 10 ways to help you achieve a calm and peaceful working environment.10 TIPS THAT CAN BLOCK OUT THE ACTIONS OF A TENACIOUS BOSSTip #1: Determine the Situation You’re in Before Acting“Don’t judge a book by its cover!”Sometimes, we rely too much on our assumptions to draw a picture of an individual and this could lead to our downfall. If you’ve just taken up a new position in the company, it’s important to give the job sometime before you analyze the nature of your boss. It could be that your boss happened to be in a bad mood during the first week of your joining and that things could get better as time passes.Your boss could be a perfectionist and may require things to be up to the mark, this isn’t necessarily a bad thing and could only improve your talents at a faster pace. T here could be a management style that your boss adheres to and as a new trainee, it could take you sometime to adjust yourself to these requirements.However, if things remain cold and damp for over a month or two, your boss could in fact very well be a difficult person to work with. In which case, the following tips below will guide you in these difficult situations.Tip #2: Demonstrate Strong Qualities and Win Your Boss OverBosses are always looking for efficient employees to work with and this could be your chance to prove to them that you have all the necessary talents in you. Simple changes to your behavior such as showing up to the office on time, offering to handle a difficult project or staying back an extra hour to ensure the operations are streamlined can make the difference between a difficult boss and a satisfied one.Exhibiting key skills can also prove to your boss that you can be relied upon and this allows them to feel comfortable which means lesser grueling sessions. U nder the right circumstances, you could even receive a promotion and astonish your co-workers by showing them that even they can convert a raging bull into a timid mouse with the right Expertise.Always remember that there is no substitute for hard work, but hard work alone isn’t going to win you the prized horse, it’s necessary to be strong-willed. When things still look shaky, it’s important to remain calm and move on to the next tip â€" Patience!The below video showcases the right attitude needed to achieve success with your boss. Tip #3: Practice PatienceBeing patient has its own rewards in life and it’s not that much different in a professional environment. If you’ve just had a brutal session that had your boss performing a takedown maneuver on your recently envisioned project, remain calm. A calm personality showcases a mature individual that can solve any issue that life has in store for them.By remaining composed you also dominate the situation and your boss will ev entually begin to respect your levelheaded nature. As a bonus, your laid-back quality may begin to rub off on his heated personality and you may successfully defeat his aggression altogether with your passiveness.Patience allows you to assess the situation and take the best route forward. Judging your boss and making a hasty decision can cause you to regret the decision for the rest of your professional career. Hence, it’s important to hold onto your emotions and carry a smile on your face.Tip #4: Avoid Being DefensiveThere may be several days in your career that seem like your resistance has been crushed and it’s time to take the attack to the opposition. A few angry words or an unending argument can ensure your boss sees you as a potential rival rather than a team player. This feud can carry on for months and can create an ugly atmosphere where you remain constantly frustrated and will make you think back to the times when you should have remained passive instead of defensive. As the phrase goes â€" “I’m the boss and I make the rules”, there is no countering the fact that your boss will always hold more power than you. Unfortunately, even if you are right and your boss is wrong it’s necessary to remain silent and request for an opportunity to politely explain the situation without opposing the idea.Being defensive can cost you valuable recommendation marks that could have potentially helped you in landing your next job. Avoid imposing language and stick to venting out your frustrations outside the office, your future self will thank you for enduring these difficult times.Tip #5: Request for a TransferIf you find yourself loving your job but are unable to cope with the stressful environment due to the presence of your boss, request a transfer. Major companies are usually accommodating for their employees to apply for a transfer to another department within the same enterprise. Provide a satisfactory reason as to why you are requesting a transfer to the HR team and discreetly move away from your current Situation.It’s important to never blame your boss as the sole reason for moving as this could reflect poorly on your personal record. Find a way to convince your seniors that the change could bring the best out of you or that the other department is much more suitable to your working style.This method ensures that you don’t face any awkward moments with your boss to confront his behavior and is a great way to continue working with the company you love so much. Hopefully, the situation turns into a momentous one with your new boss being far more approachable than your last.Tip #6: Maintain a Personal Record of your Boss“By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail”Life is full of uncertainties and the same applies to your position, in the long run, within the company. It’s necessary to keep track of activities and ensure that you maintain a log of all the events that occurred. Make it a point to safeguard important receipts and transcript every heated conversation that you ever had with your boss.When the storm does arrive, these records can help prove your innocence against a mean boss accusing you of a mistake you haven’t committed in front of other senior members. If necessary, having a co-worker or your team testify to the hardships faced by you due to your boss can get him fired or transferred to another department.This method should only be used as a last resort and if the situation has reached an escalating point. The documents should act as a protective vest that shields you from the incoming accusations of your boss and should by no means be used as a weapon to threaten your boss with.Tip #7: Put yourself in your boss’s shoes and empathizeYour boss is as human as the rest of your team and as a fellow human, it’s your duty to understand the hardships faced by him on an emotional level. He could be going through a recent divorce or may be in a financial crunch to pay off his exis ting loans. The stressful phase faced by him could be the reason as to why he reacts the way he does.Take time off your work and try to get behind the matter by directly offering to listen to his personal side of the story. By listening and offering emotional support, you open the doors to your boss accepting you as a friend rather than a co-worker and this could repair the rift between the two of you.Remember to never try and pry open the issue if your boss isn’t comfortable sharing it with you. Respect his wishes and in time when he needs someone to share his ordeal with, guess who is his most trusted source to converse with?Tip #8: Always remain one-step aheadBy mentally preparing yourself to be productive and hitting your deadlines way before their completion time, you give your boss no reason to find fault with you. Create schedules for any meetings that are upcoming, ensure you’ve set up ample reminders in the form of alarm clocks and sticky notes placed in strategic posit ions.By acting on your own and being efficient in your work, you prove to your boss that you have the right mettle and a promotion can work in your favor. Eliminate any room for procrastination and realize that every time you postpone an important event, you invite the wrath of your boss. By weighing out the consequences, it’s an easy choice to make on which of the following path leads you to success.Once you create the habit of being ahead of your office commitments, your boss will immediately get the point and move on to less productive employees in the company to unleash his outburstson.Tip #9: Solve Interpersonal IssuesAs a working professional, you may not necessarily see eye-to-eye with your boss on a personal level due to the difficult circumstances unleashed by him into your world. However, it’s critical to set aside your ego and take a moment to consider the fact that there could be several issues in the past that have piled up and have remained unresolved.The situation demands that you politely approach him and have a face-to-face talk about all the outstanding clashes in the past and clear out any misunderstandings. Although this sounds like an extremely difficult thing to do, it’s the best move forward to resolving all conflicts in one long conversation. It also ensures that there is a healthy working environment between the two of you in the long distant future.Never discuss office issues with your colleagues as this can prove costly to your career. If a jealous colleague were to spill the beans about you to the boss, you can bide farewell to any promotions that your boss may have had in store for you.Here is an informative video regarding bosses that bully their employees and how to deal with such behavior. Tip #10: Evacuate from the Constant Negative SpaceYou’ve managed to try everything in the book including the kitchen sink to close the gap between your steadfast boss and yourself. Unfortunately, there seems to be no solution appearing and things have only gone from bad to worse. In this situation, you must consider the most difficult option of them all â€" Offer your resignation and seek work elsewhere.As bad as it sounds, this could be a new beginning for you and your career prospects. Take heart in knowing that you tried your best and gave it everything to iron out the issues that came your way. By leaving your company, realize that you didn’t just leave a good company, but the company lost a hardworking employee in you.And who knows your new company could just be the perfect working environment you have always wished for with welcoming colleagues, large office space, a premium paycheck and most important of all â€" a friendly and productive boss.BE A BETTER EMPLOYEE BEFORE YOU JUDGE YOUR BOSSAs a professional, it’s necessary to take a step back and start to evaluate yourself before you take the plunge and accuse your boss of being the main villain. Ask yourself questions like â€"Am I reaching all the nece ssary goals required of me by the company? Have I conducted myself unprofessionally during my time here? Am I being selfish with my co-workers and if yes, how can I be friendlier?Is there something I am unsure of which I repeatedly commit to anger my boss?The answers to the following questions can be a better judge of the type of person you are. If the answers are all positive, then you are free to pass personal judgment on your boss. If the answers are neutral or negative, it’s time to take a good look at yourself and fix your own personal flaws first, before you contradict others.By being a better employee, you motivate yourself and others around you to change in a constructive manner. Once you begin motivating others, your seniors and even your boss will begin to respect you for what you do and for all that you offer to the company. Rekindle the lost flame of encouragement and watch yourself grow leaps and bounds.CONCLUSIONDuring the interview process, it would be a good idea t o ask around and get information on the boss you will be working for. This will give you a good reason to judge the overall mentality of your boss and it will allow you to make a choice of whether you can tolerate the beast or better yet â€" not venture into the uncharted wilderness in the first place.In the unfortunate event that you made it into the wasteland, you can always find yourself a way to keep yourself from being mauled by following the above guidelines and by maintaining a level-headed personality to serve as your guiding light.Always remember that no one deserves to be mistreated for the job they perform, if all the above commandments fail, take the high road and seek out a better employer, it’s worth it in the long run.

Campaign Finance Reform and the Necessity of Democracy Essay

Campaign Finance Reform and the Necessity of Democracy One of the major notions of the American system of government is that it is a government by the people, for the people. The system is supposed to take into account the opinions and desires off all those who fall under its jurisdiction. This is said to be accomplished by a representative democracy, where citizens elect one of there own to speak for the group (Hastings, 04). Therefore, it is reasonable to infer that any eligible man or woman, under constitutional mandate, should be able to run for and win any office in the American government with no unfair advantages given to one candidate over another. This ideal still exists, but in today ¡Ã‚ ¦s modern society, only in†¦show more content†¦Presidential candidates who agree to abide by spending limits qualify for matching funds during the primary season, and primary winners are given funds for their general campaigns. For Example, in 1996 the Dole and Clinton campaigns each received $37 million in primary matching funds and roughly $62 million for their fall campaigns. It is the  ¡Ã‚ §soft money ¡Ã‚ ¨ that is causing a bulk of the controversy. According to Common Cause Magazine, Republican national organizations raised $75,853,472 while Democratic parties took in $65,126,376 in soft money from January 1995 through June 1996. The total for the 1996 election cycle could reach $250 million, three times more than in 1992. Its illegal to spend soft money in support of any particular federal candidate. In practice, though, the lines between party building and candidate promotion have blurred. Along with the rise of soft money, there has been a proliferation of political action committees (PACs). Under current law, PACs (which are basically an association of people with similar interests) are permitted to contribute $5,000 per federal candidate per election. Critics say incumbents, uniquely situated to raise PAC funds in Washington, derive an unfair advantage over challengers. While there is bipartisan agreement that soft money is used in ways that mock the law, and that PACs benefit incumbents, there is sharp disagreement over what reforms areShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Lonely Death of Public Campaign Financing1184 Words   |  5 PagesMarquette University’s Assistant Professor of Law, Richard Esenberg, is doubtful of the effectiveness of a project that will restructure campaign finance. He foresees the near impossibility of the passage of a bill, along with many drawbacks in similar attempts to miraculously restore democracy to American citizens. Although this is a greatly debated and doubtful topic, there is still hope in the power of the people. While there may be instances where wealthy donors provide a better democratic electionRead MoreEssay On Campaign Finance1196 Words   |  5 PagesThe Necessity of Campaign Finance The right of free speech granted to all citizens in the first amendment, the necessity of funding expensive political campaigns, and the fact that small donations make a candidate responsive to the needs of their constituents, all make any restrictions on campaign financing unneeded and onerous. Congress should strike down any bills attempting to reform this essential part of the U.S. election process. Any further restrictions on donations to political campaignsRead MoreDemocracy In America1589 Words   |  7 Pages Virginia was pried on its honest government in the days of Byrd machine. It was describes as museum of democracy where the government reflected nothing according to the will of the public. The basic structure was not equal for urban residents, women, minorities and the Republicans. 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Their views are safe from criticism because they are able to shield their views through backdoor talks with candidates. According Samuel Issacharoff, a professor of Constitutional Law at the New York University of Law, in reference to political corruption, â€Å"the source of corruption wasRead MoreThe s Favorite Flea Markets2772 Words   |  12 Pagesanticipating the next â€Å"break the internet† phenomenon, with the â€Å"announcement of the century†: Hillary Clinton is running for President in 2016. â€Å"I want to be the champion of everyday Americans,† she boasts alongside smili ng actors in her premiere campaign video. Everyday Americans do not know, however, that Goldman Sachs bank, a major player in the past devastating economic collapse that forced many middle class families into sudden poverty, is her campaign’s second biggest donor, and she has alignedRead MoreThe s Favorite Flea Markets2772 Words   |  12 Pagesanticipating the next â€Å"break the internet† phenomenon, with the â€Å"announcement of the century†: Hillary Clinton is running for President in 2016. â€Å"I want to be the champion of everyday Americans,† she boasts alongside smiling actors in her premiere campaign video. Everyday Americans do not know, however, that Goldman Sachs bank, a major player in the past devastating economic collapse that forced many middle class families into sudden poverty, is her campaign’s second biggest donor, and she has aligned

The Catholic Church And The Copernican Revolution

The Catholic Church and the Copernican Revolution The Catholic Church played an important role at the time when all the works in which the movement of the earth was admitted, Catholics were forbidden to teach, and even read, the Copernican theories. The â€Å"Copernican Theory† modeled some problems of enormous importance for Christian’s obviously theological nature. Leaders like Martin Luther and John Calvin told us that Scripture brandished against Nicolaus Copernicus and provoked repression against its followers, but generally abandon the fight Protestantism once the â€Å"Theories of Copernicus† were confirmed with indisputable evidence. In this paper, I will first evaluate the history about how â€Å"Copernican Theory† and its model of the earth came into existence. I will also analyze the â€Å"Copernican Theory† in light of Churches idea of the earth being flat. I will ultimately argue that Nicolaus Copernicus played an important role in the history of Philosophy of Science. The Copernican Revolution involves the exchange of a â€Å"geocentric† worldview to a â€Å"heliocentric† view and is inseparably linked to the â€Å"scientific revolution† of the seventeenth century movement that represents a renewal of all scientific knowledge of the time. Contrary to popular belief, the â€Å"idea that the Earth was round† was written by many ancient Greek texts, and was supported by many philosophers such as Aristotle, Plato, Pythagoras, Archimedes, Eratosthenes and Ptolemy, among others. (Cohen, 30) During theShow MoreRelatedThe History and Factors Leading to Copernican Revolution1663 Words   |  7 Pagessolar system. It took many centuries for the world to accept his theory. Kepler, Galileo and Newton were strong proponents to the Copernican model and continued to advance his research where they later proved that a heliocentric solar system was a correct model. Although Copernicus’ views su ffered great backlash, he became the prime mover in the scientific revolution and the paradigm shift from the model of a geocentric universe to a heliocentric universe. The work of Aristotle and of Ptolemy setRead MoreCopernican Heliocentrism Impact to Modern Science1010 Words   |  5 PagesCopernican Heliocentrism impact to Modern Science Michael White WGU February 24, 2011 Thesis Statement: Nicolas Copernicus Heliocentrism helped to revolutionize science and catapult man into space. Introduction: Early science and astronomers believed the earth to be the center of the universe; this was known as the Geocentric Model. Prior to the 17th Century the Catholic Church held onto and defended the Geocentric Model as the divine order of planetary alignment and man’s hierarchy inRead MoreThe Revolutions Of The Heavenly Bodies1533 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the 16th-18th centuries many historical events happened, in the 16th century Nicolaus Copernicus wrote a book called On The Revolutions Of The Heavenly Bodies. During the writing of the book, Nicolaus Copernicus was trying to prove that the Geocentric Theory was wrong. The book talks about how the planetary movements work and it also has many mathematical equations he used to solve the Heliocentric Theory, which would help other scientists continue his studies. A few years later, in the 17thRead MoreGalileo And The Scientific Revolution1549 Words   |  7 PagesDid You Know? Galileo supported the Copernican theory, which supports a sun-centered solar system. Did You Know? Galileo was accused twice of heresy by the church for his beliefs. He remained under house arrest the remaining years of his life. Did You Know? Galileo devised his own telescope, in which he observed the moon and found Venus had phases like the moon, proving it rotated around the sun. Did You Know? Galileo played a major role in the scientific revolution and earned the moniker The FatherRead MoreGalileo : A Controversial Scientific Revolution863 Words   |  4 Pagesnot only proved the Copernican theory true, which was a controversial scientific revolution for the time. However, he was ordered to recant his works and denounce the heliocentric system after being convicted of â€Å"vehement suspicion of heresy.† This was a detrimental move not only for natural philosophers everywhere, but a poor decision for the church as well, which is evident when the situation is critically analyzed. Galileo’s work contradicted a ruling made by the church in the Index of 1616Read More Copernicus Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pages Copernicus has been named one of the most influential people this millennia by Time Magazine; in part for his movements in though during the scientific revolution; creating a basis for modern astronomy and challenging the Church (of the 15th century) to lead the way to a reform in thinking. He did so by disproving (mathematically) a theory of the heavens that had existed for almost 14 centuries, established by a man named Charles Ptolemy in 250 AD. Copernicus revolutionized astronomy by creatingRead MoreGalileo s Battle For The Heavens870 Words   |  4 PagesThe movie Galileo’s Battle for the Heavens highlighted Galileo Galilei’s struggle to convince the church of his discoveries. The movies shows him as an amazing scientist that had to make sacrifices in order to be able to continue his work. His discoveries question the accepted m odel by the church that Earth is the center of the universe and the other planets revolve around it. He proposes a model which confirms Copernicus’s ideas that the center of the universe is the Sun and the planets revolveRead MoreGalileo1113 Words   |  5 PagesGalileo Galilei Galileo Galilei was considered the central figure of the scientific revolution of the 17th century. His role in the history of science was a critical one. He revolutionized the way in which science was conducted, and performed experiments to test his ideas, which led him to be regarded as the father of experimental science. Galileo was born on February 15th, 1564 in Pisa, and was the oldest of seven children. His father, Vincenzo Galilei was a famous composer, lutenist, and musicRead More The Life of Galileo and the Effects of his Findings on Faith1719 Words   |  7 Pagesof the Copernican system where small bodies were circling the larger body. (The sun and not the earth is the center of our system, around which the planets revolve, rotating upon axes.). This discovery proved to show that not all astronomical bodies circled the earth. Furthermore, previous scholars against the Copernican system had argued that, if it were true, Mercury and Venus between the earth and the sun, s hould exhibit phases like those of the moon in the course of their revolutions. ButRead More The Scientific Revolution: Copernicus and Galileo Essay1067 Words   |  5 PagesThe Scientific Revolution: Copernicus and Galileo The scientific revolution brought on new and important change. People began to see things extremely differently. Up to this point religion had been an issue of pure faith. A person could not use any empirically based data or reason to justify or develop ideas on religion. People who contradicted the church were considered heretics and were punished. At this time, people believed in the universe that Ptolemy had theorized: that the earth was

Deception Point Page 64 Free Essays

â€Å"Holy shit!† The pilot pulled back on the stick, jolting upward. The black mountain of steel rose before them out of the waves without warning. A gargantuan unmarked submarine blew its ballast and rose on a cloud of bubbles. We will write a custom essay sample on Deception Point Page 64 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The pilots exchanged uneasy laughs. â€Å"Guess that’s them.† As ordered, the transaction proceeded under complete radio silence. The doublewide portal on the peak of the sail opened and a seaman flashed them signals with a strobe light. The chopper then moved over the sub and dropped a three-man rescue harness, essentially three rubberized loops on a retractable cable. Within sixty seconds, the three unknown â€Å"danglers† were swinging beneath the chopper, ascending slowly against the downdraft of the rotors. When the copilot hauled them aboard-two men and a woman-the pilot flashed the sub the â€Å"all clear.† Within seconds, the enormous vessel disappeared beneath the windswept sea, leaving no trace it had ever been there. With the passengers safely aboard, the chopper pilot faced front, dipped the nose of the chopper, and accelerated south to complete his mission. The storm was closing fast, and these three strangers were to be brought safely back to Thule AFB for further jet transport. Where they were headed, the pilot had no idea. All he knew was that his orders had been from high up, and he was transporting very precious cargo. 75 When the Milne storm finally exploded, unleashing its full force on the NASA habisphere, the dome shuddered as if ready to lift off the ice and launch out to sea. The steel stabilizing cables pulled taut against their stakes, vibrating like huge guitar strings and letting out a doleful drone. The generators outside stuttered, causing the lights to flicker, threatening to plunge the huge room into total blackness. NASA administrator Lawrence Ekstrom strode across the interior of the dome. He wished he were getting the hell out of here tonight, but that was not to be. He would remain another day, giving additional on-site press conferences in the morning and overseeing preparations to transport the meteorite back to Washington. He wanted nothing more at the moment than to get some sleep; the day’s unexpected problems had taken a lot out of him. Ekstrom’s thoughts turned yet again to Wailee Ming, Rachel Sexton, Norah Mangor, Michael Tolland, and Corky Marlinson. Some of the NASA staff had begun noticing the civilians were missing. Relax, Ekstrom told himself. Everything is under control. He breathed deeply, reminding himself that everyone on the planet was excited about NASA and space right now. Extraterrestrial life hadn’t been this exciting a topic since the famous â€Å"Roswell incident† back in 1947-the alleged crash of an alien spaceship in Roswell, New Mexico, which was now the shrine to millions of UFO-conspiracy theorists even today. During Ekstrom’s years working at the Pentagon, he had learned that the Roswell incident had been nothing more than a military accident during a classified operation called Project Mogul-the flight test of a spy balloon being designed to listen in on Russian atomic tests. A prototype, while being tested, had drifted off course and crashed in the New Mexico desert. Unfortunately, a civilian found the wreckage before the military did. Unsuspecting rancher William Brazel had stumbled across a debris field of radical synthesized neoprene and lightweight metals unlike anything he’d ever seen, and he immediately called in the sheriff. Newspapers carried the story of the bizarre wreckage, and public interest grew fast. Fueled by the military’s denial that the wreckage was theirs, reporters launched investigations, and the covert status of Project Mogul came into serious jeopardy. Just as it seemed the sensitive issue of a spy balloon was about to be revealed, something wonderful happened. The media drew an unexpected conclusion. They decided the scraps of futuristic substance could only have come from an extraterrestrial source-creatures more scientifically advanced than humans. The military’s denial of the incident obviously had to be one thing only-a cover-up of contact with aliens! Although baffled by this new hypothesis, the air force was not about to look a gift horse in the mouth. They grabbed the alien story and ran with it; the world’s suspicion that aliens were visiting New Mexico was far less a threat to national security than that of the Russians catching wind of Project Mogul. To fuel the alien cover story, the intelligence community shrouded the Roswell incident in secrecy and began orchestrating â€Å"security leaks†-quiet murmurings of alien contacts, recovered spaceships, and even a mysterious â€Å"Hangar 18† at Dayton’s Wright-Patterson Air Force Base where the government was keeping alien bodies on ice. The world bought the story, and Roswell fever swept the globe. From that moment on, whenever a civilian mistakenly spotted an advanced U.S. military aircraft, the intelligence community simply dusted off the old conspiracy. That’s not an aircraft, that’s an alien spaceship! Ekstrom was amazed to think this simple deception was still working today. Every time the media reported a sudden flurry of UFO sightings, Ekstrom had to laugh. Chances were some lucky civilian had caught a glimpse of one of the NRO’s fifty-seven fast-moving, unmanned reconnaissance aircraft known as Global Hawks-oblong, remote-controlled aircraft that looked like nothing else in the sky. Ekstrom found it pathetic that countless tourists still made pilgrimages to the New Mexico desert to scan the night skies with their video cameras. Occasionally one got lucky and captured â€Å"hard evidence† of a UFO-bright lights flitting around the sky with more maneuverability and speed than any aircraft humans had ever built. What these people failed to realize, of course, was that there existed a twelve-year lag between what the government could build and what the public knew about. These UFO-gazers were simply catching a glimpse of the next generation of U.S. aircraft being developed out at Area 51-many of which were the brainstorms of NASA engineers. Of course, intelligence officials never corrected the misconception; it was obviously preferable that the world read about another UFO sighting than to have people learn the U.S. military’s true flight capabilities. But everything has changed now, Ekstrom thought. In a few hours, the extraterrestrial myth would become a confirmed reality, forever. â€Å"Administrator?† A NASA technician hurried across the ice behind him. â€Å"You have an emergency secure call in the PSC.† Ekstrom sighed, turning. What the hell could it be now? He headed for the communications trailer. The technician hurried along beside him. â€Å"The guys manning the radar in the PSC were curious, sir†¦ â€Å" â€Å"Yeah?† Ekstrom’s thoughts were still far away. â€Å"The fat-body sub stationed off the coast here? We were wondering why you didn’t mention it to us.† Ekstrom glanced up. â€Å"I’m sorry?† â€Å"The submarine, sir? You could have at least told the guys on radar. Additional seaboard security is understandable, but it took our radar team off guard.† Ekstrom stopped short. â€Å"What submarine?† The technician stopped now too, clearly not expecting the administrator’s surprise. â€Å"She’s not part of our operation?† â€Å"No! Where is it?† The technician swallowed hard. â€Å"About three miles out. We caught her on radar by chance. Only surfaced for a couple minutes. Pretty big blip. Had to be a fat-body. We figured you’d asked the navy to stand watch over this op without telling any of us.† Ekstrom stared. â€Å"I most certainly did not!† Now the technician’s voice wavered. â€Å"Well, sir, then I guess I should inform you that a sub just rendezvoused with an aircraft right off the coast here. Looked like a personnel change. Actually, we were all pretty impressed anyone would attempt a wet-dry vertical in this kind of wind.† How to cite Deception Point Page 64, Essay examples

Ways to improve your writing free essay sample

It is better to write: Many students think university is difficult. Try to look for a stronger word to replace that kinds of words for the sentence to be more formal. *DO not use passive voice, use the active voice. Example of passive voice: The web site was designed by my father Example of active voice: My father designed the web site A passive voice sentence is weaker than the active voice sentence which makes the sentences more complex and correct. *Use strong verbs Weak verb: He gave assistance to my friend Strong verb: He assisted my friend What is the difference between the sentences?In the first example a noun and a verb is used but in the second one the verb is turned into its verbal form. How to write the Body Paragraph The body paragraph is used to defend and support your thesis . Steps that make it easier for you to write it: Re-read the article a) Take notes on facts in the article that would support your thesis. We will write a custom essay sample on Ways to improve your writing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1: Is there a story in your article that agrees with your statements? 2: Is there a quote in your article that agrees with your statements? Brainstorm and Organize a) Gather your information and organize it for it to make sense by making a rainstorm.Just write-write-write. A) once you have ideas to support your thesis and you have brainstormed it, then go ahead and start writing. B) Remember that your thesis statement was a the end of your introduction and works as a transition to this body paragraph. C) Remember this is just a draft, make sure that your statements are correct and worry about making it sound better later. D) Be sure to clearly explain what the story/quote you are using from your article. E) Be sure to be detailed and specific. F) Be sure that it really relates to and fits With your thesis statement.

Differentiating Bewteen Market Structures Essay Example

Differentiating Bewteen Market Structures Essay There are different classifications of markets and the structure of a business determines which classification it will fall into. Markets are divided according to the composition of the business and what it provides to the specific market. Business composition is determined by the structure of market characteristics, and this helps determine level and area of competition.The characteristics in a market with the most concentration focus on number of purchasers and retailers, level in which a product has a substitute, price, entry and exit ease, and the level of mutual dependence. These structured variables are classified in the following market structures: perfectly competitive markets, monopolistically competitive markets, monopolies, and oligopolies (Colander, 2010). Trader Joe’s is a grocery store that offers upscale grocery fare such as; organic produce, nutritional supplements, and health foods.Trader Joe’s was founded by Joe Coulombe and started in 1958 as a small chain of convenient stores in Greater Los Angeles Area called Pronto Markets. Since then, Trader Joe’s has expanded and now has around 375 stores in 30 or more states (Trader Joes Company Competition, 2012). Trader Joe’s market may be viewed as a monopolistic competition, and falls into the grocery industry. A monopolistic market structure is characterized by many companies selling a distinct product in a market easy to enter. This market structure is similar to pure competition, except for the distinct product (Kowitt, 2010).These market structure classifications are based on the number of barriers and firms to access the market as outlined in Table one below. A perfectly competitive market exists when every contributor is considered a â€Å"price taker†, and none of the contributors influences the price of the product it sells or purchases. Two examples of a perfectly competitive market would be milk and gas. There could be many suppliers of both products, and if one supplier wants to raise their price higher than the price the market determines, consumers will go elsewhere to purchase the item in need. Other haracteristics could include: zero entry and exit barriers, zero transaction costs, profit maximization, homogeneous products, and perfect factor mobility (Colander, 2010). In a competitive market price is determined the quantity of product, marginal revenue, and the marginal cost. If the marginal revenue is higher than the marginal cost then the firm can set the price based on those numbers. If the marginal cost outweighs the marginal revenue, then the firm begins to lose money. The firm is looking for the right number that will maximize profits by having a higher revenue than cost.The firm maximizes profits based on output by determining the balance between marginal cost and marginal revenue. If the firm’s marginal revenue is higher than the marginal cost the firm will increase the output to reach the balance. A firm with a higher marginal cost, the marginal revenue will then reduce the quantity output until it reaches the balance. If the firm has reached the revenue equal to the cost at a set output, then the firm has maximized profits based on output. Barriers to entry are considered low as only a small investment may be required to enter the market.The role that competitive market plays in the economy is it tries to maximize profit, which equals total revenues minus total cost (Colander, 2010). Trader Joe’s strategic plan is making customers an integral part of creating the shopping experience, and providing customers a unique, interesting, innovative shopping experience as well as providing products that great tasting, hard to find, and from around the world. This has made it possible for Trader Joe’s to differentiate themselves from their closest competitors, Whole Foods, and Bristol Farms.According to Jay Barney, a Presidential Professor of Strategic Management and Pierre Lassonde Chair of Social Entrepreneurship at the University of Utah, in order for Trader Joe’s to be successful long term, it must possess a defensibility strategy that contains four requirements: rareness, value, non-substitutability, and inimitability. Though these conditions are tough to achieve through the four traditional marketing P’s (product, price, place, and promotion), Trader Joe’s added a unique fifth P of culture to construct walls around its competitive space (Mallinger ; Rossy, 2007).Trader Joe’s is able to accomplish this because it provides value primarily by their adventurous shopping experience that is different from those of traditional markets: low price, casual, high service with constant and unpredictable mix in product. Its uniqueness makes it difficult for their competitors to copy, and their specific consumer target makes it almost impossible to replicate by companies serving a wider range of competitive space (Trader Joes Company Competi tion, 2012). Monopolistically competitive markets are those that involve industries such as clothing, eateries, footwear, as well as in the service area.A monopolistically competitive market can be characterized as having an abundant amount of both manufacturers and consumers, consumer’s preferences for purchasing is known; survival in this area consists of the seller trying to distinguish specific products from competitors. A monopolistically competitive market could endure restrictions with entry and exit, the market is essentially heterogeneous in nature, and a market of this could lead to the increase of non-price rivalries (Colander, 2010).By the side of equilibrium, businesses come to a zero economic profit position and no business enters or exits the industry. An increase in the number businesses in the industry will result in a positive profit, and the opposite will occur in the case of a negative profit. This would provide a business the opportunity to put forth an e xtensive influence over an open market by raising the prices and maintaining the consumers they may have. In a monopolistically competitive market, the productions of goods never act as a complete replacement, but as a close substitute (Colander, 2010).Monopolies are a group of business people who act as one. Any firm that has a monopoly structure will have the most price control for its goods. The firms that operate in competitive structures will have no control over their prices. Price management is when a firm has the ability to control the prices of its products. Public ownership is not common in monopolies and there are no price takers. A monopolist ensures the price for a product or service will surely increase profits. When marginal cost equals marginal revenue the profit maximizing price and output is at the same position.In the perfect competition output is less. Monopolist could earn some economic profits, if there are no entries of new firms that exist. Microsoft is a mon opoly because there are few competitors. Microsoft is supervised by contracts and patents that create strong barriers for its potential competitors. Barriers in a monopoly are thought of as low, because a small investment would be used to enter the market. Barriers to entry for monopolies are high fixed costs, licenses, etc. limit entry.The role monopoly plays in the economy is if the firm lowers the cost for its product; the firm must lower the selling price of all units. Then the decreased price pertains to all the units that are sold and not just the previous or the marginal unit. When a monopoly charges more and produces less, they cause a price discrimination which raises economic welfare or causes deadweight losses. These things are not always beneficial to society (Colander, 2010). Oligopoly is a market that controls a commodity and is dominated by a small number of firms that act on one’s behalf.Prices placed on products by every firm included are close to matching be cause if one firm tries to change the price, this will cause other firms to do the same thing. A significant characteristic of an oligopolistic market structure is the mutual dependence of firms in the industry. The mutual dependence, real or apparent, occurs because of the small number of firms in the industry. When an oligopolistic firm’s prices or production change, it will cause noticeable effects on the sale and earnings of competitors in the industry. The firms should consider the reaction of others when formulating its prices or output decisions.The barriers can involve patent rights of the firm, accessibility of resources, financial requirements, and access to the applicable equipment. The role that oligopoly plays in the economy is that if the firm cuts prices, then other competing firms will match the price reductions. If the firm raises its prices of its products, then other firms will not match the price increase. There are no barriers to entry in an oligopoly. Ol igopoly opened up the world to free trade which makes things better for the economy. Having free trade increases the benefit of countries all over the world (Colander, 2010).For strategies, Trader Joe’s should continue with its targeted and strong organization culture that is one difficult to develop, and that provides customers with a shopping experience difficult to find. It will always be easier for competitors to do the same, but never to imitate who you are. Also, though their prices are reasonable, they are not as low as other grocery stores options. Another recommendation would be to offer lower prices, this way; they will gain customers not only for a change in food preferences, but also for great competitive prices in comparison with regular grocery stores (Mallinger Rossy, 2007).References Colander, D. C. (2010). Economics (8th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Kowitt, B. (2010, August 23). Inside the secret world of Trader Joes Full Version. Retrieved from http:/ /money. cnn. com Mallinger, M. , Rossy, G. (2007). The Trader Joes Experience. Grazialdo Business Review, 10(2), 1. Retrieved from http://gbr. pepperdine. edu/2010/08/the-trader-joes-experience/ Trader Joes Company. (2012). Competition. Retrieved from http://www. hoovers. com/company- information/cs/competition. Trader_Joes_Company. cd133847612c3f8c. html

Formal Lab Report Rates of Reaction Alkali Metals Essays

Formal Lab Report Rates of Reaction Alkali Metals Essays Formal Lab Report Rates of Reaction Alkali Metals Paper Formal Lab Report Rates of Reaction Alkali Metals Paper Then, the test tube was lifted out of the water and kept in an inverted position. Finally, the gas collected was tested by bringing a burning splint to the mouth of the test tube. It was concluded that the Alkali metals were more reactive than the Alkaline Earth metals. When the active metals reacted with water, the resulting solutions were basic. Hydrogen gas was produced when calcium reacts with water. Interdenominational metals are in the first column of the periodic table and they may be readily fused and volatilities with their melting and boiling points becoming lower with increasing atomic mass. They are the strongest electrophoresis metals. (Keyword, R. 2009) These elements react vigorously, even violently with water. Alkaline Earth metals are elements in the second column of the periodic table. These elements are in general white, differing by shades of color or casts; they are malleable, extendable and mechanical. (Tutor Vista. 2008) Also, these elements are less reactive than the Alkali metals and have higher melting points and boiling points. The unionization energy is the amount of energy it takes to detach one electron from a neutral atom. The II increase from bottom to top and left to right in the erotic table. The Shod Education Foundation, Inc. 2000) The II and atomic radius increase in opposite directions. This makes sense because as the atom gets smaller, the valence electrons become closer to the nucleus. This means the attractive force holding the electron is stronger and it takes more energy to pull the electron off. The unionization energy of an atom is equal to the amount of energy given off when an electron is added to an atom. Unlike a ball, an atom doesnt have a fixed radius. The atomic radius of an atom can be obtained by measuring the distances between atoms in chemical impounds. : The atoms are pulled closely together and so the measured radius is less than if they are just touching. (Clark, J. 2004) This is what you would get if you had metal atoms in a metallic structure, or atoms covalently bonded to each other. As mentioned previously, the atomic radius decrease in going from left to right across a period. This decrease can be explained in terms of the increasing effective nuclear charge (decease shielding) in going from left to right. This means that the valence electrons are drawn closer to the nucleus, decreasing the size f the atom. Atomic radius increases down a group, due to the increases in the orbital sizes. When a metal oxide reacts with water, they create a basic solution. Therefore, when the Alkali metals and Alkaline Earth metals react with water, a basic solution is produced. In addition, the term Alkali (essentially the opposite of an acid) refers to a substance that forms the negatively charged hydroxide ion (OH-) in contact with water. (Keyword, R. 2009)Alkali metals and Alkaline Earth metals are known for their vigorous reactions with water, and these reactions come increasingly violent as one moves down the group. The reaction with water is as follows: Alkaline Earth metal + water Alkaline Earth metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas. Materials ApparatusApparatusMaterials600 ml beakers tuberose splintered gatecrash glasstweezersscoopula lithium metabolism metastasiss mathematical metered and blue litmus perpendicularity A- Reactions of Alkali Metals with Waterborne was half filled with water. Wire gauze was placed on top on the beaker. Tweezers were used to drop sodium into a beaker half-filled with water. Beaker was immediately recovered with wire gauze. When the reaction was complete, the contents of the beaker were tested with red and blue litmus paper. The beaker contents were disposed. Theses steps were repeated with lithium and potassium. Part B- Reactions of Alkaline Earth Metals with Waterborne was rinsed and half filled WI fresh water. A test tube was filled with water and inverted into the beaker. A sample of calcium was obtained using a watch glass. The calcium was added to the beaker. The gas produced by the reaction was collected in a test tube by the downward escapement of water. When the test tube was full, the test tube was lifted out of the water and kept in a n inverted position. The gas collected was tested by bringing a burning splint to the mouth of the test tube. The solution was tested with red and blue litmus paper. Reclassifications small bloodthirstinesss into flimflamming noiselessly is basicLithiumCreated medium bubblesDissoIvedHissing noiselessly is basicPotassiumPopping soundings noiseless of smokehouse into purple flimflammed is bicameralisms of calcium dissolved into a translucent solution. Liquid is basilicas a popping sound when the burning splint went into the test Hydrogen gas is produced. Discussion of the theories discussed in the introduction on first unionization energy, atomic radius and metal oxides have all been proven in this lab. Alkali metals are much more reactive than Alkali earth metals and this is due to unionization energy and atomic radius. The Alkali metals rates of reaction increase as you go down the periodic table and this is also explained by unionization energy and atomic radius. Metal oxides react with water to produce basic solutions and this is due to their chemical equation. Alkali metals produce hydrogen gas when they react with water due to the chemical equation and Alkali metals with oxides create basic solutions due to the oxides and water rule. Sodium, lithium and potassium were much more reactive than calcium was and this is due to unionization energy and atomic radius. Due to a very large size of the atoms, Alkali metals have very low unionization energies. Down the group the unionization energy decreases as atomic size increases. This is due to new shells being added and the increase in the magnitude of the screening effect of inner shell electrons. (Chem.. 1 . 05, November 14) Members of Alkaline Earth metals have higher unionization energies values compared to Alkali metals because of their smaller size, with the electrons being more attracted towards the nucleus of the atoms. The less attracted the electrons of an element are to their nucleus, the more reactive an element is because it is more willing to participate in reactions. As you go dow n the Periodic table, the reactivity of the Alkali metals increases and this is due to unionization energy and atomic radius. The lower the unionization energy, the more willing an Alkali metal is to lose an electron. The larger the atomic radius, the less significant each electron becomes and therefore, the less of a problem it is for an Alkali metal to lose one. Each element in the Alkali metal group, and in every group for that matter, becomes more reactive because they are more willing to lose electrons and therefore more willing to take part in chemistry. The definition of Alkaline is a non acidic solution, therefore it is not surprising that all of the solutions were basic. When Alkali metals react with water, one hydrogen atom splits off from the water molecule to form hydrogen gas, while he other hydrogen atom joins the oxygen to form hydroxide. Keyword, R. 2009) This also explains why all of the solutions were basic because the hydroxide ion was present in all of the solutions. The presence of a hydroxide ion is the number one way to check for a base and this gets formed when one of the hydrogen atoms splits off from the water molecule to form hydroxide. Five factors that could have cause experimental error are concentration, temperature, medium, catalysts, and surface area. A higher concentration of reactants leads to more effective collisions per unit time, which leads to an increasing reaction rate (except for zero order reactions). Similarly, a higher concentration of products tends to be associated with a lower reaction rate. (Helmsmen, A. 2009) Usually, an increase in temperature is accompanied by an increase in the reaction rate. Temperature is a measure of the kinetic energy of a system, so higher temperature implies higher average kinetic energy of molecules and more collisions per unit time. The rate of a chemical reaction depends on the medium in which the reaction occurs. It may make a difference whether a medium is aqueous or organic; polar or monopole; or liquid, solid, or gaseous. Purdon, N. 2006, November 10) Catalysts work by increasing the frequency of collisions between reactants, altering the orientation of reactants so that more collisions are effective, reducing intermolecular bonding within reactant molecules, or donating electron density to the reactants. Surface are can also influence the rate of reaction because the types of molecules can only bump into each other at the liquid solid inter face, i. E. On the surface of the solid. Therefore, the larger the surface area of the solid, the faster the reaction will be.

E commerce. group project, MIS class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

E commerce. group project, MIS class - Essay Example In the event that many people log into our site or share our advertisements and updates with their friends, we can safely conclude that the marketing aspect of the project is a success. Success would also be established by the increasing number of online donations or feedbacks. Social networks are bound to bring in plenty of feedback even those that are considerably impertinent. In an effort to isolate the effects of this kind of technology, the only thing that can really be done is actually ignore the irrelevant sort of feedback or response. The entire plan is to collect donations in the promotion of charity for the baseball team; any information pertaining to anything other than the main course is considered to be immaterial in all respects. There is always a chance of failure in every venture undertaken in business. In other words, there is no guarantee of success in this case. Therefore, in case of failure, the charity group will take to the streets and literally publicize our project to people by word of mouth. Needless to mention, it is much easier to persuade people on a personal level. All in all, we do hope that this project will work and that the reception will be worthwhile. It is a good thing what the baseball team is attempting to do for charity and we hope that the public perceives it as

How much of Yogasara's teachings close to original Buddhist doctrine Essay

How much of Yogasara's teachings close to original Buddhist doctrine - Essay Example For instance, the central focus of many religions is God or gods leading to scholarly question of whether Buddhism is a religion or not. Harris calls Buddhism, "the richest source of contemplative knowledge that any civilization has developed. Currently, there exist three main branches of Buddhism tradition; The Theravada -Doctrine of the Elders, the Mahayana -Great Vehicle and the Vajrayana -Diamond Vehicle simply known as Tibetan Buddhism, (Olson 56). Furthermore, many scholars agree that the origin of Buddhism is Northern India in the 5th century B.C.E .By meditation and analysis, Budha resulted to enlightened state of personality that marked the end of suffering and thus, upon his death, release from the cycle of rebirth (samsara). His teachings are mostly summarized in the Four Noble Truths, hence providing a basic guide for how to live in the world. Buddhas immediate teachings following his awakening focused on the key Noble Truths, which forms the basis of Buddhism. The truths are the truth of suffering (dukkha), the cause of suffering (samudaya), truth of the end of suffering (nirhodha) and the truth of path that frees indivindual from suffering (magga). The Truth of Suffering -This discourage many people new to Buddhism beginners to Buddhism .However they are encouraged by Pali word  dukkha that means anything that is temporary, conditional and compounded of other things either precious or enjoyable will end. They thus relate the nature of life to that of self, That we are also temporary, conditional and made of many parts .According to Buddhism , understanding life and death is only possible after understanding the self. Thirst (tanha) is seen as the main suffering cause; therefore, people continually look for something external to make them happy. But no matter how successful we are, we never get full satisfaction. Furthermore, Buddha observed that this thirst

Exploring Premenstrual Syndrome in Criminal Law

Exploring Premenstrual Syndrome in Criminal Law Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) has played a part in the malady of a womens life for many years. The development of Biological Theories has made law enforcement, attorneys, and even society study the connection biology has with individuals, particularly women for this manuscript, who commit crime. With the research gathered and studies performed, the court system has yet to adopt PMS as a suitable reason for defense. Until further evaluations of PMS can be studied, the validity of the previous test results will more than likely be questioned when introduced in court and it will be less likely to be generally accepted. Biological Theory Analysis: Exploring Premenstrual Syndrome in Criminal Law Crime in America happens any and everywhere, all the time and there will always be a lawyer out there trying to get criminals a lesser punishment or no jail time for their crime. An individuals biology comes into question when attorneys are trying to build a defense against any type of criminal activity. Schmalleger (2007) states that Biology Theory is a theory that maintains the basic determinants of human behavior, including criminality, are constitutionally or physiologically based and often inherited. There are several aspects that biological theories cover; however, the focus of this manuscript will be on body chemistry. Body Chemistry is the category that Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) would be classified under. The definition of PMS will be examined, in depth and how it is connected to a womens life. Next, there will be a discussion on the symptoms that can occur in a womens body and further investigations on PMS cases that have been tried successfully. Furthermore, there will be a section addressing the opposing views of using PMS as a defense. Literature Review In order to discuss PMS, a definitive definition of this syndrome was needed. The definition was acquired from a known and highly recommended site called WebMD (20010) and this website has been providing informative information for many years. Along with the PMS definition, there was also a list of common symptoms that were provided that occurs when women are on their menstrual cycle. Cullen and Agnew (2006) essential readings have an article that was delivered by David Rowe and it discusses the biological theories of nature and the exposure to individuals physical counter parts. Schmalleger (2007) speaks about the many aspects of biological theories of crime causation and its many assumptions; along with the body type of criminals and its beginning stages of phrenology. Phrenology was first introduced in the 19th century and had the western world thinking more about the minds of criminals and punishment (Rafter, 2008). There has been some debate among professionals when addressing the disorder of PMS. Gallant, Popeil, Hoffman, Chakraborty, Hamilton (1992) have performed a study that showed no significant difference between women under the influence of PMS to women who were not. Despite this, there have been studies performed on the effects of other syndromes that have been connected to PMS. Gehlert, Song, Chang, Hartlage (2009) studied the prevalence of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and the effects it has on women and Gallant, Popeil, Hoffman, Chakraborty, Hamilton (1992) have participated in daily studies to confirm Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder (LLPDD). Other research has been reviewed and compared to Dr. Katherina Dalton, an expert on PMS analysis and the effects that woman have while experiencing Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) symptoms. Downs (2002) researched the Culpability of the PMS defense and its evolvement into psychosis if not treated. Ostovich, and Sabini (2005) performed a study that compared men and women and the effects gender has when going through or reaching puberty in its final stages. Easteal (1991) discusses PMS in the courtroom and how the effects of PMS may cause automatism in certain women. There are sections that cover the controversy the disorder brings to women in society and its credibility issues men have about women and crime. Davidson (2000) explores several cases that have been tried in different judicial system and have had successful outcomes while trying to introduce a hormonal defense that connects PMS and postpartum psychosis. Discussion Biological Theory Biological Theories make several assumptions which include (1) the brain being an organ of the mind and the locus of personality, (2) the basic determinants of human behavior, include criminal tendencies, constitutionally or genetically based (3) observed gender features may be partially the result of biological differences between the sexes and racial groups, (4) much of human conduct is fundamentally rooted in instinctive behavior, (5) basic determinants of human behavior, include criminality, from generation to generation (inherited), (6) biological roots have become increasingly disguised, (7) some human is the result of biological propensities from developmental stages, and (8) interplay among heredity, biology, and the social environment provides the nexus for any realistic of crime causation (Schmalleger, 2006). With that being said, biological theories began being dissected into stages to focus on the brain. Franz Joseph Gall was one of the first criminal anthropologists that studied the human skull and that study was called Phrenology. Many followed after his discovery and Rafter (2008) developed a book that described a diagnosis of criminality and other abnormalities by studying the contours of the skull. Although the skull had a number of interesting assumptions, phrenology eventually phased itself out as one of the crucial theories in identifying biological connections in crime. In time, analyst such as David Rowe gathered data on certain aspects of research that focused on the chemical messages, or neurotransmitters that transmit signals between neurons in the brain, e.g., serotonin, and the hormones that help regulate such things as responding to stressors (Cullen, Agnew, 2006). PMS means what? PMS stands for Premenstrual Syndrome and the debate over using this ailment as an acceptable defense has been the topic of many argumentative discussions between professionals. WebMD (2010) defines PMS as the physical and psychological symptoms that occur in the week before a womens menstrual period. There are over 150 common symptoms of PMS that most women experience and they categorized into three parts: Physical, Emotional, and Behavioral. Some of PMS symptoms include leg and stomach cramping, abdominal bloating, pack pain, Acne, breast swelling, anxiety, dizzy spells, anger, crying, Libido changes, accident prone, social isolation, hysteria, headaches, depression, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and many others (Easteal, 1991). For most women these symptoms appear for a short period of time, usually a week before the menstrual period and they disappear during or right before the cycle begins. Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder The American Psychiatric Association (APA) began indentifying mental disorders of individuals and recording the data to one day create a manual that would assist medical professionals on how to classify certain syndromes by their symptoms. Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder (LLPDD) was developed to the DSM III-R to provide a systematic set of criteria for establishing a premenstrual mood disorder (Gallant, et. al., 1992). Some of the symptoms that women have to have include being sad, tearful, angry, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, change in appetite, difficult concentrating as well as many other physical maladies. LLPDD was created so that professionals would be able to distinguish it from Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and diagnose criteria that included psychological disturbances that seriously interfered with work, ordinary social activities, relationships, and arise during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, ending within a few days of the onset of menstruation (Downs, 2002). Pr emenstrual Dsyphoric Disorder (PMDD) became the new name for LLPDD and the new studies aimed to determine the prevalence of PMDD using all four DSM-IV research diagnostic criteria (Gehlert, et., al., 2009). For the full diagnostic criteria of LLPDD, see Appendix A. PMS Based Defenses There have been cases as early as the late 1800s where a case of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) have been used in court. The cases used PMS as a opener for the suspect to eventually plead temporary insanity. Insanity has many variations of its clinical interpretation, however, this manuscript will utilize the WebMD (2010) definition, which states insanity as the lack of understanding or having the mental capacity to enter into a rational state of normal responsibility. In the United States (US) two fundamental requirements are common to test for when determining insanity. The two fundamental elements are: (1) the defendant must suffer from a mental disease or defect, and (2) a casual relationship must exist between the disease or defect and the criminal offense (Downs, 2002). There is a defense that the US has recognized that is somewhat similar to an insanity plea and it is called automatism. Those who have studied insanity have connected the definition of automatism to insanity which states that individuals have an unconscious state of mind when committing a crime. Some researchers, such as Ostovich, Sabini (2005) have tried to link the beginning stages of puberty to account for some of the outburst of crime latter scene in women and men. The study explored the young adults first encounters with adult social and sexual behavior, attitudes, and work environment but the examination did not have enough evidence to support its claim. Another defense strategy is the diminished capacity (DC) diagnosis. Unlike automatism, a DC diagnosis is to focus on trying for a lesser sentence for the criminal act and not the conduct. If the defense handles the case with care and understanding, charges for heinous crimes will be reduced, which has been proven in several cases in England (Downs. 2002). Use in the Courtroom The studies that have been performed on women and their experiences with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) have evolved into PMS being used as a defense in criminal cases. Davidson (2000) devised a section in his research that takes a deeper look into PMS in the courtroom. The majority of these cases took place overseas and has people across the globe interested in how the system had derived at some of their conclusions. One of the most notorious cases involved a woman named Craddock. Craddock was a barmaid in 1980 and she had murdered one of her co-workers. Craddock had many other crimes under her belt and she possessed a diary that kept a record of her violent behavior. An expert on PMS, Dr. Katherina Dalton was asked to review Craddocks case and determine if PMS had played a part in her crime. Cradock was found guilty of manslaughter (based on a plea of diminished capacity) and not murder due to the experts testimony that PMS turned Craddock into a ranging lunatic. Later, a judge had further reduced her sentence by allowing Cradock to not receive any jail time but to be placed on probation and medical treatment of progesterone. Progesterone is one of the medications that has been given to women to alleviate some of their symptoms bring them back to some form of normalcy. In the following year, 1981, Craddock had changed her name to Smith and managed to stay out of trouble until her dosage of progesterone was reduced. Smith had threatened to kill herself and a police officer on two separate occasions. Smith was once again convicted of all charges and still not awarded prison time. In the case of Regina v. Smith, Smith received probation relying on Smiths PMS in mitigation. The first American case that used Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) as a defense occurred in People v. Santos in 1982. Santos was being charged of child battering. The case was resolved through a plea bargain because Santos admitted to beating her child at the pre-trial. However, Santos claims that she suffered a black out due to PMS. This information was presented by the defense to the judge who still decided to plea in favor of the defendant and the case ended with Santos getting probation. Controversy PMS being applied to criminal law has bought about some resistance from a variety of people. The groups with the most to say about this topic are feminist groups. Feminist groups have their beliefs on this matter and do not want to give off the wrong impression of being un sympathetic. PMS is a disorder that should be considered under the proper conditions, as long as it does not stereotype all women and is not used frivolously for the defendants or the attorneys amusement in criminal proceedings (Easteal, 1991). There is also the concern that men who are being charged with domestic abuse will start to take advantage of PMS and use it to their advantage. In other words, men can claim that their wife become so annoying that he had to do something to make her stop. The fear of society not understanding Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and not realizing that all women falter to the same symptoms is what makes this syndrome so controversial. Conclusion Premenstrual Syndrome is a disorder that affects many women physically and in some cases, mentally. Several cases have applied PMS to a criminal defense and have been successful but the success came attached with mitigation to some form of insanity and as we all know, insanity is difficult to prove, not a frequently used defense and almost always raises some kind of controversy (Davidson, 2000). If more research and funding can be applied to the study of biological theories and the connection it has to women and PMS, maybe the acceptance of PMS as a criminal defense will be taken more seriously.

Personal Development Paper Essay

I have a lot of scope for improvement. I have a lot of potential both professionally and in the personal space – I need to tap it. My asthetic sense, candor and imagination help me stand out in a crowd and I need to fine tune these skills. Given my high sensitivity to stress, I tend to get very irritable and frustrated during high pressure scenarios. I am exteremly disorganized and this has really harmed me all my life. I really need to work on my organization skills.Goals To be more organized, and disciplined. I need to have a stronger work eithc, and develop strong analytical and quant skills. I would also like to invest alot of time in reading, and wasting less time doing meaningless stuff. Reading and getting exposed to the opportunities everywhere gets me excited, and once I am excited – I am driven.Perception of others In all honesty, others view me as exteremly modest but that is because I am good at hiding my weaknesses. They respect my candor and people skills, and appreciate my input once in a while.Standards organization expects you to meet Disciplined, focused, very strong finance background, strong work ethic, working in high pressure scenarios, and having a strong sense of responsibility. DEVELOPMENTAL PLANNING WORKSHEET Professor Randall S. Peterson DEVELOPMENT ISSUE (from GAPS analysis): The issue is that I am easily intimidated, and not focused. I tend to get distracted with my surroundings and tend to loose interest in my own ambition and agenda. I tend to get bored easily, and leave things in the middle – very impatient.EXPECTED OUTCOMES: What will be different? What could someone else observe that will change? For starters I will be more diligent, focused and orderly. This can be seen through my group participation, my in class assignments, my club involvement and my career hunt activities. Juggling so many aspects at once will require all of the above. My quant and financial skills can really develop if I invest time, and effort in reading and understanding the material. This can also be a visible change.What will I gain by achieving the goal? What is in it for you? Happiness. Job. Personal satisfaction. Personal growth and development.WHO ELSE NEEDS TO BE COMMITED TO THIS: What will you need to do as soon as you get back to the office to get started? Who do I need to get committed to helping me? And what is in it for them? Me, myself and I.LEARNING STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPMENT (use at least three of the six to make your development goal SMART) 1) Seek New Challenges/Projects Challenge PE CASE CHALLANGE Specific Action/Time/Deadline working with people in a field I have very little experience in. Taken a challenge. Have to work hard. This will improve my quant and tech skills.2) Take Courses and Workshops Course/Workshop Specific Action/Time/Deadline 3) Develop Ongoing Feedback Name(s)/Strategy for Identifying People Study Group Specific Action/Time/Deadline Montly feedback on progress – personally and professionally. Team contract also helps keep us in check. 4) Identify Role Models and Coaches Name(s)/Strategy for Identifying People Raluca – Class mate Specific Action/Time/Deadline She helps me stay focused and organized everyday. We plan the everyday in advance, and luckily always manage to achieve the target.5) Development Reading Books/Papers Specific Action/Time/Deadline 6) Other Learning Tactics Strategy Specific Action/Time/Deadline OBSTACLES What will I give up? I will give up making excuses. I will talk less listen more. I will give up wasting time, and reading more. I will give up being disorganized. What are the major obstacles and how will I manage them? Obstacle is just me and my mind – I need to be focused, and do proper time management. Not get distracted with the noise around me. Work at my pace, and be patient.How to work with me I am pretty flexible, and easy going. Only thing is I lack commitment, and have poor work ethics. I tend to get distracted easily and hence get frustrated when the pressure builds up. Please be a little strcit with me when it comes to academics. I need to get more responsibility so I am actually forced to put in effort, instead of depending on others. This will help me build my quant and analytical skills, and that will increase my confidence 10 folds. Since I tend to get distracted easliy, please always bring me back on track. I am very dependable, approachable, and I love interacting with people and learning through people. Hence, if I don’t understand something, and if someone explains it to me politely I will always listen. I tend to disagree alot, and sometimes unnecessairly. I am also very open to people criticizing me. I love negative feedback so I have room to develop. Please motivate me, and cultivate in me discipline.

Anchoring Script

CENTRAL OFFICE, ‘YOGAKSHEMA, JEEVAN BIMA MARG, MUMBAI 400 021 RECRUITMENT FOR THE POST OF ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER 1. Life Insurance Corporation of India invites Online Applications from eligible Indian Citizens for appointment to the post of Assistant Administrative Officer. Candidates are requested to apply On-Line only. No other means/mode of application will be accepted.The schedule of events shall be as under: SCHEDULE OF EVENTS Start date for Online Registration Start date for Offline Payment of Application Fee/Intimation Charges at State Bank of India Branches Start date for Online Payment of Application Fee / Intimation Charges Last date for Online Registration & Online Payment of Application Fee/Intimation Charges Last Date for Offline Payment of Application Fee /Intimation Charges Download of Call Letter for Examination Date of Online Examination (Tentative) 5th March, 2013 7th March, 2013 5th March, 2013 1st April, 2013 4th April, 2013 First Week of May,2013 11th and/or 12th May, 2013 . (i) (ii) (iii) (iii) (iv) TOTAL NO. OF VACANCIES: 750 Reservation for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes and Physically Handicapped shall be as under: ST OBC General(UR) Total OH VI CATEGORY SC 114 56 201 379 750 12 11 Vacancies The number of vacancies as also the number of reserved vacancies are provisional and may vary according to the actual requirements of the Corporation. Reservation /Definitions for Persons with Disabilities: Only the Orthopaedically Handicapped and Visually Impaired candidates are eligible to apply.Orthopaedically Handicapped (OH): Locomotor Disability means disability of bones, joints or muscles leading to substantial restriction of the movement of the limbs or any form of cerebral palsy. Cerebral Palsy means a group of non-progressive conditions of person characterized by abnormal motor control posture resulting from brain insult or injuries occurring in the pre-natal, peri-natal or infant period of devel opment.All the cases of Orthopaedically Challenged Persons would be covered under the category of ‘Locomotor disability or cerebral palsy’. A person having a minimum of 40% physical impairment with disability of one hand or one leg provided independent mobility is not affected is eligible to apply. Visually Impaired (VI): Candidates with visual Impairment falling under Category-I (40-74%) only are eligible to apply. Reservation for Persons with Disabilities shall be on horizontal basis.Selected candidates will be placed in the appropriate category. Page 1 of 9 v) Use of Scribe : The visually impaired candidates with visual impairment falling under Category I and candidates whose writing speed is affected by Cerebral Palsy can use their own scribe at their own cost during the On-line examination. In all such cases where a scribe is used, the following rules will apply: a. The candidate will have to arrange for his/her own scribe at his/her own cost. b. The scribe can be from any discipline.The academic qualification of the scribe should be one grade lower than the stipulated criteria. c. Candidates using a Scribe are required to fill up a Declaration Form (as per Annexure-I) and submit the same along with the Call Letter at the time of examination. Further, in case it later transpires that he/she did not fulfill any of the laid-down eligibility criteria or suppressed material facts, the candidature of the applicant will stand cancelled, irrespective of the result of the written test. d.Such candidate who uses a scribe shall be eligible for extra time of 20 minutes for every hour of the examination. Visually Impaired candidates under Low Vision may skip the non-verbal questions, and questions based on Graph and Table, if any. The candidates will be awarded marks for such Sections based on the overall average obtained in other Sections of the respective test. 3. Eligibility Conditions as on 1st March, 2013 shall be as under : Minimum Age shall be 21 years (completed) as on 1st March, 2013.Maximum age shall not be more than 30 years( born between 02/03/1983 and 01/03/1992 only are eligible ) Relaxations in upper age limit for SC/ST/OBC/ECO/SSRCO/Persons with Disabilities/Confirmed LIC employees shall be as under : SC/ST 5 YEARS OBC Age OH/VI(Gen) OH/VI(SC/ST) OH/VI(OBC) ECO/SSRCO (GEN) ECO/SSRCO (SC/ST) ECO/SSRCO (OBC) Confirmed LIC employees Educational Qualification 3 Years 10 YEARS 15 YEARS 13 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS 8 YEARS Further Relaxation of 5 YEARS Bachelor/Master’s Degree from a recognized Indian University/ Institution with a minimum of 55% marks in the aggregate in either of the Degrees.If any University awards grades instead of marks, applicants should clearly mention the numerical equivalent of the grades in terms of aggregate marks. The percentage of marks shall be arrived at by dividing the marks obtained by the candidate in all the subjects by the aggregate marks irrespective of honors/optional Page 2 of 9 subject, if any. This will be applicable for those Universities also where Grades are decided on the basis of marks obtained in the Honors Subjects only. 4.Emoluments and Benefits: Basic pay of `17240 /- per month in the scale of `17240- 840(14) –29000– 910(4) –32640 (Under Revision) and other admissible allowances as per rules. Total emoluments at the minimum of the scale inclusive of House Rent Allowance & City Compensatory Allowance wherever admissible depending upon the classification of the city will be approximately Rs`33,418/- per month in ‘A’ Class city. Other benefits are Defined Contributory Pension, Gratuity, LTC, Medical Benefit, Group Savings Linked Insurance (GSLI), Group Personal Accident Insurance, Group Insurance , Vehicle Loan (2-wheeler/4 wheeler) as per rules.Service Conditions: As applicable in the Corporation from time to time. The advertised posts are regular and selected candidates, on appointment, are liable to be posted or subsequently transferred anywhere in India. Probation : One year, extendable up to 2 years. Guarantee Bond: Before joining as a Probationer, candidates will be required to give an undertaking to serve the Corporation for a minimum period of four years from the date of joining (including probationary period) failing which, he/she or his /her heirs, executors, administrators will be liable to pay liquidated damages of `100000/- (Rupees one lakh only) to the Corporation.The candidate will have to submit Deed of Indemnity for `100000/- (Rupees one lakh only) at his cost, duly stamped, the stamp value of which will be as applicable to the State in which the deed is executed by the candidate. Application Fees /Intimation Charges(Non-refundable): Candidates have the option of making the payment of Application Fees/Intimation Charges through the On-Line Mode or the Off-Line Mode as under: 5. 6. 7. 8. General/OBC Application Fee-cum-Intimation Charges of ` 500/- plus Bank Charges /Gateway C harges in case of Offline/Online Payment respectively.For SC/ST/PH Candidates Intimation Charges of `50/- inclusive of Bank Charges in case of offline payment only. For instructions on method of payment please refer â€Å"How to Apply†. 9. Selection Procedure : Selection will be made on the basis of performance in the on-line test followed by a personal interview of short listed candidates and subsequent Pre-Recruitment Medical Examination. A Competitive Online examination will be held at centers all over India as shown in Annexure II.Applicants will have to appear for the online examination on any one day on 11th / 12th May, 2013 (tentatively) at the Centre (or a nearby city) chosen by them/ allotted to them at their own expense. The Corporation, however, reserves the right to change the examination date/Centre. Candidates will be informed accordingly in case of any change in the date /centre/venue of examination by e-mail and SMS. On-line Test: On-line test will be of objec tive type, multiple choices of 120 minutes (2 hrs) duration comprising of the following: For Candidates Page 3 of 9 Section Questions 2 3 4 5 Number of Questions Reasoning Ability 30 Numerical Ability 30 General Knowledge, Current 30 Affairs Computer Knowledge 30 English Language with 40 Special emphasis on Grammar, Vocabulary and Comprehension Total 160 Marks Time (Hrs) 90 90 60 60 100 120 Minutes ( 2hrs ) 400 Penalty for Wrong Answers There will be a penalty for wrong answers marked in the Objective Tests. For each question for which a wrong answer has been given by the candidate, one fourth (1/4 ) of the marks assigned to that question will be deducted as penalty to arrive at corrected score.If a question is left blank, i. e. no answer is marked by the candidate, there will be no penalty for that question. Candidate MUST pass in each Section separately and should also obtain minimum marks in the aggregate to qualify for the interview. The minimum marks to be obtained in each Sect ion and in the aggregate shall be decided by LIC of India. The marks obtained by the candidate in each Section and in the aggregate shall be arrived at after deduction of the marks for wrong answers. Decision of the Corporation in this regard shall be final and binding on the candidates.No correspondence will be entertained in this regard. Appearing in the online examination or mere pass in the online examination shall not vest any right in a candidate to be called for Personal Interview. Pre-exam training for SC/ST candidates: SC/ST candidates who wish to avail the benefit of pre examination training may register their name and other details with the Divisional Office of LIC of India convenient to them. The Divisional Office will inform the registered candidates, the date and venue of the training.Such candidates would have to attend the training at their own cost on the appointed dates and at the venue advised to them. Candidates are required to refer to the website under the tab â€Å"Careers† for details of the Divisional Offices of the Corporation. Interview I. The Corporation reserves the right to fix the minimum eligibility standards in order to restrict the candidates to be called for interview, commensurate with number of vacancies and also the minimum qualifying marks to qualify in the interview.Candidates who do not obtain the minimum qualifying marks as decided shall be excluded from further selection process The decision of the Corporation in this regard shall be final and binding on the candidates and no correspondence will be entertained in this regard. II. The number of candidates to be called for interview will be about three times the number of vacancies to be filled in subject to availability of successful candidates in the online test and will be purely as per their ranking in their respective category. Candidates will have to obtain the minimum marks in the interview as will be decided by the Corporation.Page 4 of 9 III. Outstation candidates called for interview shall be entitled for re-imbursement of Second Class Ordinary to and fro Railway/Bus Fare by the shortest route from the place of residence to the place of interview to be restricted to the fare by Railway Second Class Sleeper including the Reservation charges. IV. In case of similar marks of two or more candidates, the merit order of such group of candidates shall be as per the aggregate marks in online test and interview and further as per their additional post graduation qualification (i. . the person with higher educational qualification will be placed higher in the merit order) and in case of further similarity in educational qualification merit order will be decided on the basis of age, (i. e. senior in age will be placed higher in merit order). Pre-Recruitment Medical Examination: Shortlisted candidates will have to undergo a Pre-Recruitment Medical Examination and if found medically fit, will be offered appointment. 10.Action against Misconduc t: I) II) Candidates are advised in their own interest that they should not furnish any particulars that are false, tampered, fabricated or should not suppress any material information. The responses of candidates would be analyzed and compared with other candidates who appeared for the examination to detect abnormal patterns of similarity of responses. If, in the method adopted for this, it is established or suspected that the responses have been shared and scores obtained are not genuine/ valid, the Corporation reserves the right to cancel the candidature of such candidates.At any stage of recruitment, if a candidate is or has been found guilty of (a) Using unfair means during the examination or (b) Impersonating or procuring impersonation by any person or III) 11. (c) Misbehaving in the examination hall (d) Resorting to any irregular means in connection with his/her candidature during selection process (e) Obtaining support for his/her candidature by any means he/she in addition to rendering himself/herself liable to criminal prosecution may also be liable to be: i) Disqualified from the examination. i) Debarred either permanently or for a specified period from any examination/ recruitment to be conducted by the Corporation. How to Apply Pre-Requisites for Applying Online Before applying online, candidates should— Have a valid personal email ID, which should be kept active till the declaration of results. Intimation about call letters will be sent through the registered e-mail ID. Under no circumstances, a candidate should share/mention e-mail ID to / of any other person. In case a candidate does not have a valid personal e-mail ID, he/she should create his/her new e-mail ID before applying on-line and must maintain that email account.Keep the necessary details/documents ready in case of Online Payment of the requisite application fee/ intimation charges Page 5 of 9 a. b. c. d. e. f. The candidate should have a scanned (digital) image of his/her phot ograph and signature as per the specification given in Annexure III in JPEG format not exceeding 50 KB and 20 KB respectively and upload the photograph and signature. The online application will not be registered unless the candidate’s photo and signature is uploaded after completion of the entry in online mode. Candidates are necessarily required to apply On-line through LIC’s website under â€Å"Careers†- http://www. icindia. in/careers. htm. No other means/mode of applications will be accepted. Applicants satisfying the conditions of eligibility as on 01. 03. 2013 are first required to go to the LIC’s website www. licindia. in/careers. htm and download the Recruitment Notification and take a print out of the same for reference. Once the candidate clicks the relevant on-line application link titled â€Å"ON-LINE APPLICATION FOR LIC AAO’s RECRUITMENT†, it redirects the candidates to the on-line registration page. The candidate is required t o keep the details about bio-data ready to enable him/her to fill up the application form correctly.The name of the candidate or his/her father/husband etc. should be spelt correctly in the application as it appears in the certificates/mark sheets. Payment of Application Fee/Intimation Charges has to be done after successful registration of the application else application will be treated as cancelled. Choice of Examination City: Candidates should indicate the Name of the Examination City in the appropriate column of the online Application form. No change of Examination City will be permissible at a later date. The Corporation, for administrative reasons, however, reserves he right to direct the candidate to appear for online examination at any City other than the one chosen by the candidate. In the event of not being able to fill the data in one go, the candidate can save the data already entered. When the data is saved, registration number and password will be generated by the sys tem and displayed on the screen. Candidate should note down the registration number and password. Email and SMS indicating the Registration Number and Password will be sent. Candidates can reopen the saved data using Registration Number and Password and edit the particulars, if needed.This facility will be available for three times in all. Once the application is filled completely, the candidate should submit the data. In case of Offline payment, candidates should take a printout of the system generated fee payment challan immediately. No change/alteration will be allowed thereafter. The registration at this stage is provisional. Payment of Application Fee/Intimation Charges In case of Offline Payment of Application Fee/Intimation Charges, the payment will be accepted from 2nd working day after the on-line registration and can be made within three working days thereafter at any branch of State Bank of India by cash only.System generated payment challan will be used for depositing th e amount. Once the amount is paid, the registration process will be complete. Candidates should ensure State Bank of India Branch Code, Journal Number along with Branch Seal on the Candidate’s copy of the Challan. Candidates are advised to preserve the payment challan with them for reference and use in future. In case of Online Payment, i) Candidates should carefully fill in the details in the Online Application at the appropriate places very carefully and click on the â€Å"SUBMIT† button at the end of the Online Application Format.Before pressing the â€Å"SUBMIT† button, candidates are advised to verify every field filled in the application especially with regard to spellings. ii) The application form is integrated with the payment gateway and the payment process can be completed by following the instructions therein. iii) Payment can be made by using only Master/Visa Debit or Credit Cards Page 6 of 9 or Internet Banking by providing information as asked on t he screen. iv) In ase candidates wish to pay fees/intimation charges through the online payment gateway after the upload of photograph and signature an additional page of the application form is displayed wherein candidates may follow the instructions and fill in the requisite details. v) If the online transaction has been successfully completed, a Registration Number and Password will be generated which shall be preserved by the candidate for future reference. vi) If the online transaction has not been successfully completed, then the following message is displayed â€Å"Your online transaction was unsuccessful.Please register again†. Candidates may then revisit the â€Å"Apply Online† link and fill in their application details again. In case of unsuccessful registration the amount of fees debited will be refunded to the account in due course. vii) On successful completion of the transaction, an e-receipt will be generated. Candidates are required to take a printout o f the e-receipt. viii) After submitting your payment information in the online application form, please wait for the intimation from the server. DO NOT press BACK or REFRESH button in order to avoid double charge. x) To ensure security of your data, please close the browser window once your transaction is completed. h. Candidate will receive confirmation of registration by SMS/Email after two working days from the date of payment of fees. There is also a provision to reprint the submitted application containing fee details, after three days from the date of payment of application fees/intimation charges. i. Candidates can log on for Registration of Applications on the dates mentioned under† Schedule of Events† on the Para 1 of this notification. j. Candidates shall be solely responsible for filling up the online applications correctly.In case of invalid applications due to errors committed by the applicant no claims for refund of application money so collected shall be e ntertained by the Corporation. k. To avoid last minute rush, candidates are advised to register on-line and pay the Application Fees /Intimation Charges (wherever applicable) in time. l. Issue of Call Letters for on-line test: Candidates will have to visit the website under the heading â€Å"Careers† http://www. licindia. in/careers. htm for downloading call letters for on-line test from the first week of May, 2013 onwards from the given link hosted on LIC’s website.Intimation for downloading call letter will also be sent through e-mail/SMS. Once the candidate clicks the relevant link, he/she can access the application form. The candidate is required to use (i) Registration Number, (ii) Password (iii) Date of Birth for downloading the call letter. m. Identity Verification for Written Examination. The candidate is required to affix his/her recent recognizable photograph on the call letter and appear at the exam centre with the Call Letter and Photo Identity Proof in ori ginal and copy thereof.In the examination hall, the call letter along with the photocopy of the candidate’s photo identity which can be PAN Card/Passport/Driving Licence/Voter’s ID Card/Bank Pass Book with photograph/Photo ID proof issued by a Gazetted Officer/People’s Representative along with Photograph/Identity Card issued by a recognized college/university /Aadhar Card with photograph/Employee ID card of Central/State/PSUs should be submitted to the Invigilator for verification. The candidate’s identity with respect to details on the call letter and in the Attendance List will be verified.If identify of the candidate is in doubt, the candidate may not be allowed to appear for the Examination. Page 7 of 9 12. (i) Important Instructions: Before applying, candidates are advised to satisfy themselves that they fulfill all the eligibility conditions especially age, qualification, caste (for Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe/Other Backward Class candidates on ly). If found ineligible on any count, their candidature will be cancelled at any stage of recruitment. The fees/Charges paid by ineligible candidates shall be forfeited.Decision of the Corporation in all matters regarding eligibility of the candidate, selection and any other matters relating to recruitment will be final and binding on the candidate. No correspondence or personal enquiries shall be entertained by the Corporation in this regard. (ii) Keep particulars of date of birth, educational qualifications, caste, other personal details etc. ready as these are required to be entered in the on-line application. (iii) After applying on-line, the candidates should btain a system generated print out of the application on A4 size paper and retain it after signing the same. Please do not send this print out to Life Insurance Corporation of India. (iv) Candidates who are called for interview will have to submit the duly signed System Generated Print Out of the On-line application, copy of the call letter duly signed by the invigilator during the examination, Receipt of fee as mentioned above and also produce original and attested Photostat copies of all relevant certificates at the time of interview, failing which their candidature shall be liable to be cancelled. v) Withdrawal of candidature on account of non furnishing of any information will not confer any right to carry forward or retain the candidature for future recruitment Application once submitted will not be allowed to be withdrawn and the fee once paid will not be refunded nor would this fee be held in reserve for future exam/ selection.Caste Certificate in respect of SC/ST/OBC must be obtained in the prescribed format from any one of the following authorities and submitted at the time of interview District Magistrate/ Additional District Magistrate/ Collector/ Deputy Commissioner/ Additional Deputy Commissioner/ Deputy Collector/ 1st Class Stipendiary Magistrate/ Sub- Divisional Magistrate / Taluka Ma gistrate/ Executive Magistrate/ Extra Assistant Commissioner not below the rank of 1st Class Stipendiary Magistrate).Chief Presidency Magistrate/ Additional Chief Presidency magistrate /Presidency Magistrate. Revenue Officer not below the rank of Tehsildar. Sub-Divisional Officer of the area where the candidates and / or his family resides. As far as the candidates belonging to ST caste from Tamil Nadu are concerned, the certificate issued by Revenue Divisional Officer only is acceptable and not by the Tehsildar. (vi) (vii) A B C D E For claiming reservation under OBC category, candidates should belong to such aste or community which are common to both the lists in respect of Mandal Commission and the State Governments List from the State of their origin (as per the list published by the Central Government). The benefit of reservation shall not apply to persons/ sections belonging to â€Å"Creamy layer† as specified vide column 3 of the Schedule to the Dept. of Personnel & Tr aining OM No. 36012/22/93-Estt. (SCT) Page 8 of 9 dated 8. 9. 93. OBC candidates should produce certificate as per the proforma prescribed by the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Govt. f India which should include that they do not belong to Creamy layer. (Non submission of certificate in the prescribed proforma may render the application to be invalid. ) Formats of Caste Certificates for Scheduled Castes/Tribes/Other Backward Classes and Disability certificates for Physically Handicapped Candidates shall be available on our website. (ix) Candidates serving in Government / Public Sector Undertakings should produce â€Å"No Objection Certificate† from the employer at the time of interview, failing which, their candidature may not be considered. x) Candidates shall not be permitted to use calculators, mobile phones, pagers or any other instruments in the examination hall. (xi) Admission to on-line test is only provisional without verification of age/ qualif ication/category of candidate with reference to documents. Candidates should not furnish any particulars that are false, tampered, fabricated and/or suppress any material information while filling up the online application form (xii) Any request for change of address will not be entertained whilst the recruitment exercise is in progress. xiii) Call letters will not be dispatched by post or any other mode. Candidates will be required to download the call letters from the referred website. (xiv) Candidates will appear for the online examination at the allotted centers at their expenses & risks and the LIC will not be responsible for any injury/ losses etc. of any nature caused to them. (xv) Appointment of selected candidates is subject to his/ her being declared medically fit as per the requirement of the LIC.Such appointments will also be subject to the LIC of India (Staff) Regulations, 1960. (xvi) Interview Call Letters for shortlisted candidates shall be sent by e-mail address give n by the candidate at the time of on line application. Requests for sending letters to different address subsequently shall not be entertained. (xvii) Candidates are requested to kindly refer to the website periodically and check their e-mail account for updated information pertaining to the Recruitment till the conclusion of the recruitment process. xviii) In case of any dispute on account of interpretation of this advertisement in version other than English, the English version shall prevail. (xix) CANVASSING IN ANY FORM WILL LEAD TO DISQUALIFICATION OF CANDIDATURE. (viii) Place: Mumbai. Date 01/03/2013 Executive Director (Personnel) ANNEXURE – I – DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE AND SCRIBE ANNEXURE – II – LIST OF EXAMINATION CENTRES ANNEXURE – III GUIDELINES FOR SCANNING THE PHOTOGRAPH AND SIGNATURE Page 9 of 9 Anchoring Script MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 Solved Paper Solved by Develop India Group MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 1. India was part of an ancient super continent called Gondwanaland. It included present day— (A) South America (B) Africa (C) Australia (D) All of these Ans : (D) 2. Which plateau lies between the Aravalli and the Vindhya ranges ? (A) Malwa plateau (B) Chhota Nagpur plateau (C) Deccan plateau (D) Peninsular plateau Ans : (A) 3. Which state of India has borders with three countries namely Nepal, Bhutan and China ? (A) Arunachal Pradesh (B) Meghalaya (C) West Bengal (D) Sikkim Ans : (D) 4.The leading state in wheat production in India is— (A) Punjab (B) Haryana (C) Uttar Pradesh (D) Madhya Pradesh Ans : (C) 5. Which state is the largest producer of tobacco in India ? (A) Gujarat (B) Andhra Pradesh (C) Karnataka (D) Madhya Pradesh Ans : (B) 6. One horned rhinoceros is found in the following states— (A) Arunachal Pradesh and Tripura (B) West Bengal and Assam (C) Arunachal Pradesh and Assam (D) West Bengal and Tripura Ans : (B) Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 2 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 7.Which of the following is different from the remaining three ? (A) Haematite (B) Magnetite (C) Limonite (D) Bauxite Ans : (D) 8. States with the highest and lowest density of population in India are respectively— (A) Uttar Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh (B) West Bengal and Arunachal Pradesh (C) Uttar Pradesh and Sikkim (D) West Bengal and Sikkim Ans : (B) 9. Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Hirakud Project (b) Haldia Refinery (c) Tarapur Nuclear Station (d) Kudremukh Hills 1. West Bengal 2. Orissa 3. Karnataka 4.Maharashtra Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 2 1 3 4 (B) 1 2 4 3 (C) 2 1 4 3 (D) 1 2 3 4 Ans : (C) 10. Arrange the following in decreasing order of size and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1. Jupiter 2. Uranus 3. Earth 4. Sa turn Codes : (A) 1, 4, 3, 2 (B) 4, 1, 2, 3 (C) 1, 4, 2, 3 Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 3 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (D) 4, 1, 3, 2 Ans : (C) 11. Arrange the following from west to east and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1. London 2. Lisbon 3. Frankfurt 4.Beirut Codes : (A) 1, 2, 3, 4 (B) 2, 1, 3, 4 (C) 2, 1, 4, 3 (D) 1, 2, 4, 3 Ans : (B) 12. Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Kenya (b) Uganda (c) Uzbekistan (d) Ukraine 1. Tashkent 2. Nairobi 3. Kiev 4. Kampala Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 4 2 1 3 (B) 2 4 1 3 (C) 2 4 3 1 (D) 4 2 3 1 Ans : (B) 13. Maximum strength of Lok Sabha as stipulated in the Constitution of India is— (A) 547 (B) 545 (C) 552 (D) None of these Ans : (C) 14. Which of the following political parties is not a national party as recognized by the Election Commission of India ? A) Nationalist Congress Party Downloaded from : http://www. develo pindiagroup. co. in/ Page 4 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (B) Bahujan Samaj Party (C) Communist Party of India (D) Samajwadi Party Ans : (D) 15. Consider the following statements with respect to qualification to become the member of Rajya Sabha and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1. should be at least 30 years of age 2. should be registered as a voter on the list of voters in the state from which the candidate is to be elected 3. hould not hold office of profit under the state Codes : (A) 1 and 2 are correct (B) 1 and 3 are correct (C) 2 and 3 are correct (D) 1, 2 and 3 are correct Ans : (*) 16. The 44th Amendment in the Constitution of India removed the following right from the category of Fundamental Right— (A) Freedom of speech (B) Constitutional remedies (C) Property (D) Freedom of religion Ans : (C) 17. Which among the following sectors contributes most to the GDP of India ? (A) Primary sector (B) Secondary sector (C) Tertiary sector (D) A ll three contribute equally Ans : (C) 18. Which is the final authority in India to approve Five Year Plans ? A) Union Council of Ministers (B) Planning Commission (C) Prime Minister (D) None of these Ans : (D) 19. Who is called the pioneer of liberalization of Indian Economy ? (A) Dr. Manmohan Singh Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 5 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (B) P. V. Narsimha Rao (C) Dr. Bimal Jalan (D) P. Chidambaram Ans : (A) 20. Green Index has been developed by— (A) World Bank’s environmentally and socially sustainable development division (B) United Nations environment programme (C) United Nations development programme (D) Kyoto Protocol Ans : (B) 21.Public Distribution System is aimed at— (A) Providing food security to the poor (B) To prevent hoarding and black-marketing (C) To prevent overcharging by traders (D) All of the above Ans : (D) 22. Who among the following released â€Å"Citizens guide to fight corruptionâ €  ? (A) Ministry of Family Welfare (B) Consumer Co-operative Societies (C) Central Vigilance Commission (D) Transparency International Ans : (D) 23. Which of the following is not included in Human Development Index ? (A) Life Expectary (B) Real per Capita Income (C) Social Inequality (D) Adult Literacy Ans : (C) 24.Bharat Nirman includes (select the correct answer from the codes given below)— 1. Bring an additional one crore hectares under assured irrigation 2. To provide road connectivity to all villages that have a population of 2000 3. To give telephone connectivity to the remaining villages Codes : (A) 1 and 2 are correct (B) 1 and 3 are correct (C) 2 and 3 are correct Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 6 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (D) None of the above Ans : (B) 25. What is the size of the eleventh five year plan of India ? (A) Rs. ,64,471 crore (B) Rs. 36,447 crore (C) Rs. 36,44,718 crore (D) Rs. 3,64,47,185 crore Ans : (C) 26. Consi der the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1. In Beijing Olympics, Abhinav Bindra won gold medal in 10 metres rifle shooting. 2. In Beijing Olympics, Sushil Kumar won bronze medal in fly weight boxing. Codes : (A) 1 is correct (B) 2 is correct (C) Both are correct (D) None of these Ans : (A) 27. When did India last win a hockey gold medal at the Olympics ? (A) 1964 Tokyo (B) 1972 Munich (C) 1976 Montreal (D) 1980 Moscow Ans : (D) 28.This great hockey player was the prolific goal scorer (24 goals approximately) in 1932 and 1936 Olympics. There was demand in the media to celebrate his birth centenary on 8th September 2008. He spent his later life in Gwalior. Identify him‚ (A) Dhyan Chand (B) Captain Roop Singh (C) Gurmeet Singh (D) A. I. S. Dara Ans : (A) 29. Virendra Sehwag scored his second triple century in the test cricket. He became only the third player in the history to do so. The other two are— (A) Brian Lara and Gary Sobers (B) Donald Bradman and Wally Hammond (C) Gary Sobers and Wally Hammond Downloaded from : http://www. evelopindiagroup. co. in/ Page 7 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (D) Donald Bradman and Brian Lara Ans : (D) 30. Who among the following won the Rajeev Gandhi Khel Ratna Award last year (2008) ? (A) M. S. Dhoni (B) Vishwanathan Anand (C) Abhinav Bindra (D) Sachin Tendulkar Ans : (A) 31. Consider the following statements with reference to Beijing Olympics and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1. Michael Phelps won eight gold medals. 2. Usain Bolt became the fastest man by winning 100 m and 200 m races. 3. Roger Federer won gold medal in Men’s Singles Tennis.Codes : (A) 1 and 2 are correct (B) 1 and 3 are correct (C) 2 and 3 are correct (D) 1, 2 and 3 are correct Ans : (A) 32. Who won the ONGC-IBSF World Billiards Championship in September 2008 at Bangaluru ? (A) Pankaj Advani (B) Geet Sethi (C) Rupesh Shah (D) Peter Gilchrist Ans : (A) 33 . Who won the mixed doubles at US Open 2008 ? (A) Leander Paes—Cara Black (B) Leander Paes—Lisa Raymond (C) Mahesh Bhupathi—Martina Hingis (D) Mahesh Bhupathi—Mary Pierce Ans : (A) 34. Madhya Pradesh won record number of medals in the 33rd National Games at Guwahati in 2007. In which game did Madhya Pradesh win maximum gold medals ? A) Karate (B) Wushu (C) Shooting Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 8 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (D) Athletics Ans : (A) 35. Which among the following awards is given to sportspersons by the Government of Madhya Pradesh ? (A) Arjun Award (B) Vikram Award (C) Dronacharya Award (D) Khel Ratna Award Ans : (B) 36. Which of the following is not a style of swimming ? (A) Free-style (B) Back stroke (C) Front stroke (D) Butterfly Ans : (C) 37. Who won the AFC Challenge Cup Football Championship in August 2008 ? (A) India (B) Tajikistan (C) Turkmenistan (D) DPR Korea Ans : (A) 38.Who is the first Indian woman chess player to cross 2600 ELO rating ? (A) Koneru Humpy (B) Tania Sachdev (C) P. Harika (D) S. Vijay Laxmi Ans : (A) 39. Where was 2nd All Star Asian Athletics Championship organized in September 2008 ? (A) Pune (B) Bangaluru (C) Indore (D) Bhopal Ans : (D) 40. Who among the following cricketers from Madhya Pradesh has not played for India in a test match ? (A) Narendra Hirwani (B) Amay Khurasiya Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 9 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (C) Mushtaq Ali (D) Rajesh Chauhan Ans : (B) 41.Two new districts were formed in Madhya Pradesh in the year 2008. Identify— (A) Alirajpur and Burhanpur (B) Burhanpur and Anooppur (C) Singrauli and Anooppur (D) Singrauli and Alirajpur Ans : (D) 42. Which of the following cities is closest to IST (Indian Standard Time) meridian ? (A) Rewa (B) Sagar (C) Ujjain (D) Hoshangabad Ans : (A) 43. Which of the following national highways has the longest length in Madhya Pradesh ? (A) NH-3 Ag ra-Gwalior-Dewas-Bombay (Mumbai) (B) NH-7 Varanasi-Rewa-Jabalpur-Salem (C) NH-12 Jabalpur-Bhopal-Jaipur (D) NH-26 Jhansi-Sagar-Lakhnadon Ans : (A) 44.Consider the time of sun rise in Sidhi and Jhabua, and choose the correct option— (A) Sidhi will have sun rise 1 hour earlier (B) Jhabua will have sun rise 1 hour earlier (C) Sidhi will have sun rise ? hour earlier (D) Jhabua will have sun rise ? hour earlier Ans : (D) 45. Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Chhindwara (b) Mandala (c) Jhabua (d) Shivpuri 1. Bhil 2. Bharia 3. Gond 4. Sahariya Codes : Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 10 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 2 4 1 3 (B) 1 3 2 4 (C) 2 3 1 4 (D) 1 4 2 3 Ans : (C) 46.Sanskrit University has been set up at— (A) Gwalior (B) Ujjain (C) Rewa (D) Jabalpur Ans : (B) 47. Which of the following is not a world heritage site ? (A) Khajuraho temples (B) Bhimbetka caves (C) San chi stupa (D) Mandu palace Ans : (D) 48. Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Bhoj (b) Durgawati (c) Samudragupta (d) Ashok 1. Ujjain 2. Vidisha 3. Dhar 4. Gondwana Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 4 3 2 1 (B) 3 4 1 2 (C) 4 3 1 2 (D) 3 4 2 1 Ans : (D) 49. Which of the following rivers does not fall into river Yamuna ? (A) Ken (B) Betwa (C) SonDownloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 11 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (D) Chambal Ans : (C) 50. Which of the following dams is not on Narmada river ? (A) Bargi (B) Omkareshwar (C) Indira Sagar (D) Ban Sagar Ans : (D) 51. ‘Badhai’ is— (A) Folk dance of Bundelkhand (B) Folk dance of Malwa (C) Festival celebrated in Bhopal on 2nd day after Diwali (D) Folk music of Bundelkhand Ans : (A) 52. Which among the following districts of Madhya Pradesh has a problem of soil erosion ? (A) Jabalpur (B) Bhopal (C) Morena (D) Khandwa Ans : (C) 53.Match the following a nd select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing (IIITDM) (b) Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management (IIITM) (c) Indian Institute of Management (IIM) (d) Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research (IISER) 1. Indore 2. Bhopal 3. Jabalpur 4. Gwalior Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 3 4 2 1 (B) 3 4 1 2 (C) 4 3 1 2 (D) 4 3 2 1 Ans : (B) Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 12 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 54.Which National Park/Sanctuary has been selected to house Gir lions ? (A) Pench (B) Kanha (C) Bandhavgarh (D) Palpur Kuno Ans : (D) 55. Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Zari Batua (b) Bhairavagarh prints (c) Handicrafts of Bagh (d) Sarees of Chanderi 1. Ujjain 2. Dhar 3. Bhopal 4. Ashok Nagar Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 3 1 2 4 (B) 1 3 4 2 (C) 1 3 2 4 (D) 3 1 4 2 Ans : (A) 56. Who amongst the following has served longest as Chief Minister ? (A) Pandit Ravishankar Shukla (B) Arjun Singh (C) Dr. Kailashnath Katju (D) Digvijay Singh Ans : (D) 57.Which party amongst the following is neither nationally recognised party nor a party recognized for the state of Madhya Pradesh ? (A) Bahujan Samaj Party (B) Samajwadi Party (C) Gondwana Ganatantra Party (D) Communist Party of India Ans : (C) 58. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below— In Madhya Pradesh : 1. Zila Panchayat Adhyaksha (President) is elected through indirect election. Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 13 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 2. 50% seats are reserved for women in Panchayati Raj. . Sarpanch is elected through direct election. Codes : (A) 1 and 2 are correct (B) 1 and 3 are correct (C) 2 and 3 are correct (D) 1, 2 and 3 are correct Ans : (D) 59. Where is the automobile industry cluster of Madhya Pradesh ? (A) Pithampur (B) Malanpur (C) Mandideep (D) Maneri Ans : (A) 60. Of which crop is Madhya Pradesh the largest producer in the country ? (A) Rice (B) Wheat (C) Jowar (D) Soyabean Ans : (D) 61. Arrange the following districts in decreasing order of per hectare fertilizer consumption and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1.Indore 2. Dindori 3. Hoshangabad 4. Mandala Codes : (A) 1, 3, 4, 2 (B) 4, 2, 1, 3 (C) 4, 1, 3, 2 (D) 1, 2, 3, 4 Ans : (A) 62. Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Jamunapari (b) Bhadawari (c) Kadaknath (d) Malwi 1. Cow Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 14 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 2. Goat 3. Buffalo 4. Poultry Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 2 3 4 1 (B) 2 1 4 3 (C) 4 1 2 3 (D) 4 3 2 1 Ans : (A) 63. Coal Bed Methane has been found in— (A) Shahdol (B) Sagar (C) Jabalpur (D) Ujjain Ans : (A) 64.Madhya Pradesh is the largest producer of the following minerals in the countr y— (A) Coal and Diamond (B) Copper and Iron (C) Coal and Copper (D) Copper and Diamond Ans : (D) 65. Which of the following sectors has been given the maximum allocation in the XI five year plan of Madhya Pradesh ? (A) Health (B) Education (C) Power (D) Irrigation Ans : (C) 66. Which of the following places has 500 MW unit for electricity generation ? (A) Birsinghpur (B) Sarani (C) Chachai (D) Chhindwara Ans : (A) 67. Which among the following districts has most adverse sex ratio ? (A) Morena Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/Page 15 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (B) Balaghat (C) Jhabua (D) Rewa Ans : (A) 68. Which among the following districts has the highest literacy rate ? (A) Bhopal (B) Narsinghpur (C) Jabalpur (D) Indore Ans : (B) 69. How many districts of Madhya Pradesh are covered under NREGA ? (A) All districts (B) 18 districts (C) 31 districts (D) None of these Ans : (A) 70. Which of the following cities is not covered under JNNURM ? (A) Indo re (B) Jabalpur (C) Gwalior (D) Ujjain Ans : (C) 71. In an open ground, Rakesh walks 20 metres towards north, takes a left turn and walks 40 metres; again takes a left turn and walks 50 metres.How far is he from the starting point ? (A) 110 metres (B) 70 metres (C) 50 metres (D) 40 metres Ans : (C) 72. Fill up the blank— 5 7 74 11 8 185 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 205 (A) 13 (B) 15 (C) 10 Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 16 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (D) 12 Ans : (A) 73. Fill in the blank— McCain : Obama : : Palin :†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (A) Gore (B) Rice (C) Biden (D) Clinton Ans : (C) 74. Fill up the blank— 5 9 21 37 81 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (A) 163 (B) 153 (C) 183 (D) 203 Ans : (B) 75. Which diagram best represents the relationship of Doctors, Engineers and Professors ? Ans : (D) Directions—(Q. 6 to 78) : Consider the following data about marks obtained (out of 100) : Marks Subjects History Geography Economic 10–19 20–29 3 0–39 40–49 50–59 60–69 70–79 80–89 90–100 1 1 1 10 27 48 9 3 Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 17 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 02 3 2 12 20 42 17 2 01 4 1 9 16 48 17 4 0 Pass marks is 40. First division marks is 60. 76. Which subject has the highest pass percentage ? (A) History (B) Geography (C) Economics (D) All are equal Ans : (A) 77. Which subject has most first divisioners ? (A) History (B) Geography (C) Economics (D) All re equal Ans : (C) 78. In which subject is the average of marks scored maximum ? (A) History (B) Geography (C) Economics (D) All are equal Ans : (C) Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 18 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 79. A school has 12 teachers. One of them retires at the age of 62 years and a new teacher replaces him. The change reduces the average age of the staff by 3 years. What is the age of the new teacher ? (A) 22 years (B) 24 years (C) 26 yea rs (D) 28 years Ans : (C) 80. A 50 metres long train passes over a bridge at a velocity of 30 km/hour.If it takes 36 seconds to cross the bridge, the length of the bridge is— (A) 200 m (B) 250 m (C) 300 m (D) 350 m Ans : (B) 81. A football league has 12 teams. Tournament is to be played on double round robin followed by the two top teams playing the Final. Round robin means that each team plays every other team. How many matches will be played in the tournament ? (A) 132 (B) 133 (C) 67 (D) 66 Ans : (A) Directions—Based on the following information, answer the question 82 to 85 : Sachin, Rahul, Virendra, Anil and Ishant are wearing Red, Blue, White, Black and Brown pants and caps (not in order).No one is wearing the cap and the pant of the same colour. All of them are wearing pants of different colours and caps of different colours. Every one of them is carrying one of the items namely Bat, Ball, Stumps, Gloves and Pads. Further, it is given that : (i) Sachin is wearing brown cap. (ii) Ishant is not wearing a blue or red pant. (iii) Gloves is being carried by the one who is wearing blue pant. (iv) Rahul is wearing white cap. (v) Virendra is wearing black pant. (vi) Anil is wearing red cap and brown pant. (vii) One who is wearing red pant is carrying pads. (viii) One who is wearing brown pant is carrying bat. 82.What is the colour of Virendra’s cap ? (A) Red Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 19 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (B) White (C) Blue (D) Cannot be determined Ans : (C) 83. What item is being carried by the person wearing white pant ? (A) Stumps (B) Ball (C) Gloves (D) Stumps or Ball Ans : (D) 84. Who is wearing the blue pant ? (A) Sachin (B) Ishant (C) Sachin or Rahul (D) Rahul or Ishant Ans : (C) 85. If Rahul is wearing red pant, what is the correct combination ? (A) Sachin—Brown cap—Black pant (B) Anil—Red cap—Blue pant (C) Virendra—Blue cap—Brown pant (D) Ish ant—Black cap—White pant Ans : (D) 86.Under National e-Governance Plan, SWAN is— (A) State Wide Area Network (B) Systems Wide Area Network (C) State Wise Area Network (D) Systems Wise Area Network Ans : (A) 87. Under National e-Governance Plan, CSC is— (A) Citizen Service Centre (B) Common Service Centre (C) Community Service Centre (D) Computer Service Centre Ans : (B) 88. Google company has launched a new browser in third quarter of 2008. It is— (A) Chrome Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 20 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (B) Lycos (C) Alta-vista (D) Mozilla Firefox Ans : (A) 89.First fully computer literate district in the country is— (A) Ernakulam (B) Villupuram (C) Thiruvallur (D) Malappuram Ans : (D) 90. Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Narayan Murthy (b) Azim Premji (c) Ramlingam Raju (d) Ramadurai 1. Wipro 2. TCS 3. Infosys 4. Satyam Computers Code s : (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 2 1 4 3 (B) 3 1 4 2 (C) 3 4 1 2 (D) 2 4 1 3 Ans : (B) 91. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1. . Net (Dot Net) Framework has been developed by Microsoft 2.Java is an open source technology developed by Sun Microsystems Codes : (A) Only 1 is correct (B) Only 2 is correct (C) Both 1 and 2 are correct (D) None is correct Ans : (C) 92. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1. Proxy server provides TCP/IP address 2. Proxy server processes clients requests by forwarding the requests to other servers. Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 21 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 Codes : (A) Only 1 is correct (B) Only 2 is correct (C) Both 1 and 2 are correct (D) None is correct Ans : (C) 93.An exclusively private network used by employees of a company in a single location will be classified as— (A) Internet (B) Local Area Network (C) Wide Area Network (D) ARPANET Ans : (B) 94. In a database, field is— (A) label (B) table of information (C) group of related records (D) category of information Ans : (D) 95. A million bytes is approximately— (A) Gigabyte (B) Kilobyte (C) Megabyte (D) Terabyte Ans : (C) 96. To increase the length of a network without loss of signal strength, we would use— (A) Repeater (B) Router (C) Gateway (D) Switch Ans : (A) 97.If a domain name ends with . edu. us, then it is— (A) An international organization (B) A non-profit organization (C) An educational institute in Australia (D) An educational institute in USA Ans : (D) Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 22 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 98. Word Processors, Spread sheets are examples of— (A) System Software (B) Application Software (C) Platform Software (D) None of these Ans : (B) 99. Which of the following is not an output device ? (A) Drum pen plotter (B) C RT monitor (C) Earphones (D) Digital camera Ans : (D) 100.One of the first viruses to attract wide spread public attention was designed to infect MS-DOS on 6th March 1992. Name of the virus is— (A) Brain (B) Catch me if you can (C) Michaelangelo (D) Friday the thirteenth Ans : (C) Directions—(Q. 101 to 110) : The following ten questions consist of two statements; one labelled as the ‘Assertion (A)’ and the other as ‘Reason (R)’. You have to examine the two statements and select the answer to these questions using the code below— (A) Both (A) and (R) are individually true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (B) Both (A) and (R) are individually true but R) is not correct explanation of (A). (C) (A) is true but (R) is false. (D) (A) is false but (R) is true. 101. Assertion (A) : In India, electricity distribution companies calculate the consumption of electricity in kWh. Reason (R) : Electrical System in India works at a frequency of 60 Hz. Ans : (C) 102. Assertion (A) : A plant which has nitrogen deficiency will show symptoms like stunted growth and pale green and yellow leaves. Reason (R): Nitrogen is responsible for green leaf growth. Ans : (A) Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 23 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 03. Assertion (A) : Gypsum is added to cooled clinkers of cement. Reason (R) : Gypsum speeds up the setting time of cement. Ans : (A) 104. Assertion (A) : People with AB blood groups are universal recipients. Reason (R) : Red blood cell of blood group AB has no antigen and so agglutination does not occur with any other blood group. Ans : (C) 105. Assertion (A) : Wind patterns are clockwise in southern hemisphere and anticlockwise in northern hemisphere. Reason (R) : The directions of wind patterns in northern and southern hemisphere are governed by Coriolis effect. Ans : (A) 106.Assertion (A) : Protest, led by Lala Lajpat Rai, was organized in Lahore in 1928 against Sim on Commission. Reason (R) : Simon Commission did not have a single Indian member in it. Ans : (A) 107. Assertion (A) : Foodgrain production per capita in Madhya Pradesh is less than the national average. Reason (R) : The productivity of foodgrains in Madhya Pradesh is less than the national average. Ans : (A) 108. Assertion (A) : The Indian Constitution is basically federal in form. Reason (R) : Article 352 has provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in states. Ans : (B) 109.Assertion (A) : Lehman Brothers (an investment banking company of US) filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in September 2008. Reason (R) : Subprime lending was one of the major causes of financial crisis. Ans : (A) 110. Assertion (A) : CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) is the world’s largest particle Physics laboratory. Reason (R) : CERN is French aeronym of the name of the provisional body founded 2 years before the organization came into existence. Ans : (A) 111. Formation of Ozone hole is maximum over— (A) India Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. o. in/ Page 24 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (B) Africa (C) Antarctica (D) Europe Ans : (C) 112. Steel is mainly an alloy of Iron and— (A) Chromium (B) Nickel (C) Manganese (D) Carbon Ans : (D) 113. Aryabhatta was launched on— (A) 19th April, 1975 (B) 6th December, 1957 (C) 31st January, 1958 (D) 2nd October, 1980 Ans : (A) 114. ‘Project Tiger’ in India was started in— (A) 1970 (B) 1973 (C) 1981 (D) 1984 Ans : (B) 115. Gas released during Bhopal gas tragedy was— (A) Methyl isothiocyanate (B) Ethyl isothiocyanate (C) Methyl isocyanate (D) Ethyl isocyanate Ans : (C) 116.Light year is the unit of— (A) Time (B) Distance (C) Speed of light (D) Speed with respect to speed of light Ans : (B) 117. An ice cube is floating in a glass of water. What happens to the water level when the ice melts ? It— Downloaded from : http://www. d evelopindiagroup. co. in/ Page 25 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (A) rises (B) falls (C) remains the same (D) first rises and then falls Ans : (C) 118. Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Anaemia (b) Goiter (c) Night blindness (d) Beri-beri 1. Vitamin B deficiency 2. Iron deficiency 3.Iodine deficiency 4. Vitamin A deficiency Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 2 1 3 4 (B) 2 3 4 1 (C) 1 2 3 4 (D) 2 3 4 1 Ans : (B) 119. Which of the following lens is used to minimize Myopia ? (A) Convex lens (B) Concave lens (C) Cylindrical lens (D) None of these Ans : (B) 120. India’s first atomic power station is— (A) BARC (B) Tarapur Atomic Power Station (C) Narora Atomic Power Station (D) None of these Ans : (B) 121. A fan produces feeling of comfort during hot weather because— (A) Fan supplies cold air (B) Our perspiration evaporates rapidly (C) Out body radiates more heatDownloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 26 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (D) Conductivity of air increases Ans : (B) 122. Which among the following countries is not a member of Nuclear Suppliers Group ? (A) China (B) New Zealand (C) Ireland (D) Iran Ans : (D) 123. Which river in Bihar changed its course in the year 2008 and caused calamity ? (A) Ganga (B) Gandak (C) Kosi (D) Ghaghra Ans : (C) 124. United Nations declared the year 2008 as the International Year of— (A) Sanitation (B) Drinking water (C) Literacy (D) Reduction of infant mortality Ans : (A) 125.Violence against Christians erupted in Orissa after the murder of Swami Lakshmanananda Saraswati in August 2008. Which district was the worst affected ? (A) Keonjhar (B) Bargarh (C) Sambalpur (D) Kandhamal Ans : (D) 126. Which film received the best feature film award at the 54th National Film Awards ? (A) Pulijanmam (Malayalam) (B) Kabul Express (C) Lage Raho Munna Bhai (D) Podokkhep (Bengali) Ans : (A) 127. According to the Article 82 of the Constituti on of India, the allocation of seats in Lok Sabha to the states is on the basis of the †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ census. (A) 1961 Downloaded from : http://www. evelopindiagroup. co. in/ Page 27 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (B) 1971 (C) 1981 (D) 1991 Ans : (B) 128. Russia recognized independence of Georgia’s two territories in August 2008. The two territories are— (A) Kosovo and Dushanbe (B) Kosovo and South Ossetia (C) Abkhazia and Dushanbe (D) South Ossetia and Abkhazia Ans : (D) 129. Which country was the first after the ban on India was lifted by the Nuclear Suppliers Group, to sign an agreement that would allow supply of civil nuclear technology to India ? (A) USA (B) Italy (C) Russia (D) France Ans : (D) 130.What is the cut-off date for recognition of rights under â€Å"The Scheduled Tribes and other traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006† ? (A) 13th September, 1976 (B) 13th December, 2006 (C) 13th September, 2005 (D) 13th Dece mber, 2005 Ans : (D) 131. Who amongst the following did not share Nobel Prize for Physics in 2008 ? (A) Tohide Yasakawa (B) Makoto Kabayashi (C) Toshihide Maskawa (D) Yoichiro Nambu Ans : (A) 132. Name of the spacecraft for India’s mission moon is— (A) Chandrayaan-I (B) Chandrayaan-II (C) Antariksha (D) Change I Ans : (A)Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 28 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 133. Who among the following was Secretary, Economic Affairs, Government of India and then became Governor, Reserve Bank of India in September 2008 ? (A) Y. V. Reddy (B) D. Rangarajan (C) T. K. Nair (D) D. Subbarao Ans : (D) 134. To which place did Ratan Tata decide to move the Nano Project from Singur ? (A) Pithampur (B) Pune (C) Sanand (D) Gopalpur Ans : (C) 135. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1.Mohenjo Daro, Harappa, Ropar and Kalibangan are important places of Indus Valley Civilization 2. Harappan people developed planned cities with network of streets and drainage system 3. Harappan people did not know use of metals Codes : (A) 1 and 2 are correct (B) 1 and 3 are correct (C) 2 and 3 are correct (D) 1, 2 and 3 are correct Ans : (A) 136. Which Indian king defeated Seleucus, the administrator of Sindh and Afghanistan appointed by Alexander ? (A) Samudragupta (B) Ashok (C) Bindusar (D) Chandragupta Ans : (D) 137.Which English Governor of East India Company in India was expelled by Aurangzeb ? (A) Aungier (B) Sir John Child (C) Sir John Gayer (D) Sir Nicholas Waite Ans : (B) Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 29 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 138. First decisive military success of English East India Company in India is marked by— (A) Battle of Buxar (B) Battle of Plassey (C) Battle of Panipat (D) Battle of Haldighati Ans : (A) 139. Bhils revolted against the British in— (A) M. P. and Maharashtra (B) M. P. and Bihar (C) Biha r and Bengal (D) Bengal and Maharashtra Ans : (A) 140.The modern historian who called the revolt of 1857 as the first war of indepdence was— (A) Dr. R. C. Majumdar (B) Dr. S. N. Sen (C) V. D. Savarkar (D) Ashok Mehta Ans : (C) 141. The newspaper brought out by Bal Gangadhar Tilak to promote nationalism was— (A) Yugantar (B) Deshbhakti (C) Kesari (D) Kranti Ans : (C) 142. Why did Mahatma Gandhi withdraw Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922 ? (A) Most of the leaders were arrested and were in prison (B) British agreed to partly fulfil the demands (C) Because of Chauri-Chaura violence (D) He saw no chance of success of the movement Ans : (C) 143.Arrange the following in chronological order and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1. Dandi March 2. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 3. Quit India Movement 4. Swadeshi Movement Codes : Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 30 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 (A) 2, 4, 1, 3 (B) 4, 2, 1, 3 (C) 2, 1, 4, 3 (D) 4, 2, 3, 1 Ans : (B) 144. Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Bipin Chandra Pal (b) Aurobindo Ghosh (c) Brahmobandhab Upadhyay (d) Muhammad Ali 1. New India 2. Comrade 3. Vande Mataram 4.Sandhya Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 1 3 4 2 (B) 2 1 3 4 (C) 2 1 4 3 (D) 1 3 2 4 Ans : (A) 145. Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below— (a) Doctrine of Lapse (b) Partition of Bengal (c) Dual government in Bengal (d) Social Reforms 1. Curzon 2. Clive 3. Dalhousie 4. Bentinck Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d) (A) 2 3 1 4 (B) 3 1 4 2 (C) 3 1 2 4 (D) 2 3 4 1 Ans : (C) 146. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below— 1. Subhash Chandra Bose formed the Forward Bloc Downloaded from : http://www. evelopindiagroup. co. in/ Page 31 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 2. Bhagat Singh was one of the founders of Hindustan Republican Socialist Association Codes : (A) Only 1 is correct (B) Only 2 is correct (C) Both 1 and 2 are correct (D) None of the above Ans : (C) 147. Jammu and Kashmir became an integral part of India on— (A) 26th October, 1948 (B) 26th November, 1948 (C) 26th October, 1947 (D) None of these Ans : (C) 148. The first declared war between India and Pakistan was fought in the year— (A) 1962 (B) 1965 (C) 1966 (D) 1971 Ans : (B) 149.Which important latitude divides India into two almost equal parts ? (A) 23 ° 30’ South (B) 33 ° 30’ North (C) 0 ° (D) 23 ° 30’ North Ans : (D) 150. The westernmost point of India is— (A) 68 ° 7’ W in Gujarat (B) 68 ° 7’ W in Rajasthan (C) 68 ° 7’ E in Gujarat (D) 68 ° 7’ E in Rajasthan Ans : (C) Downloaded from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 32 MPPSC General Studies Paper 2009 You can contact us for any Question Papers of any year call us at 09999811970 Only in 100/- per question paper Downloade d from : http://www. developindiagroup. co. in/ Page 33